How to break through the problem of VOCs governance? Experts have something to say
Text / VOCs
Leading edge reading
Recently, the "13th Five-Year" VOCs Pollution Prevention and Control Work Program has triggered widespread concern in the industry. The opening point of the "Working Program" points out that "volatile organic compounds (VOCs) refer to organic compounds involved in atmospheric photochemical reactions and are important precursors for the formation of ozone (O3) and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) pollution." In order to comprehensively strengthen the prevention and control of VOCs pollution, improve the scientific, targeted and effective management, and promote the continuous improvement of ambient air quality, this plan is formulated.
Judging from the precursor control of PM2.5 and O3, in recent years, the national SO2, nitrogen oxides (NOx), and smoke dust control have made significant progress, but the emission of VOCs is still growing, and the impact on the atmospheric environment is increasingly prominent. In order to further improve the environmental air quality and fight against the blue sky, it is urgent to comprehensively strengthen the prevention and control of VOCs pollution.
1. The first VOCs special program was introduced at the time.
As of July 20, the Ministry of Environmental Protection's Intensive Air Pollution Control Intensive Inspection Team has completed seven rounds of inspections. According to the sixth round of intensive supervision, the problems of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) treatment, “scattering pollution†and the problems of materials not covering and sealing according to requirements are most prominent. The above three types of problems together account for the total number of enterprises found to have problems. 80.7%. According to the seventh round of intensive supervision, the problem of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) governance was the most prominent, and 536 problems were found, accounting for 38.6% of the total number of environmental problems found in the seventh round of inspections.
In June 2016, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and the Ministry of Finance issued the “Action Plan for Volatile Organic Compound Reduction in Key Industriesâ€, which proposed the total goal of VOCs for the first time. The guidance is far-reaching. The plan proposes that by 2018, the emissions of VOCs in the industrial sector will be reduced by more than 3.3 million tons from 2015. According to the characteristics of different industries, various emission reduction methods such as raw material substitution, process technology transformation, recycling and end treatment are proposed. According to information released by the Ministry of Environmental Protection, in the first half of 2017, although the air quality of 366 cities in China has improved, the problem is also very prominent.
2. The pressure in key areas is high and the key industries are complex.
The emission of VOCs in China has shown a rapid growth trend in recent years, which has a great impact on the environment. The National “13th Five-Year Plan†incorporates VOCs emissions into the total control indicators, and proposes to promote VOCs control and emission reduction in key regions and key industries to ensure that the total amount of VOCs emissions nationwide will fall by more than 10% by 2020. The “13th Five-Year Plan†of the petrochemical industry proposes that by 2020, the emission of VOCs in key industries should be cut by more than 30%.
In this regard, some experts in the industry said that “VOCs emission reduction should be implemented in district control, and key areas should improve environmental access, implement corporate emission standards, and discharge permit management. It is necessary to implement refined management of the whole process and focus on the construction of VOCs management facilities. In the region, it is necessary to help them to build up their facilities; the key areas where facilities have been built must strengthen their operational management and propose emission reduction targets."
“We have screened 16 key control provinces with 70% of VOCs emissions,†said the expert. “Beijing is a top priority, with emission reductions as high as 25%, while Tianjin, Hebei, Shandong and Henan have basic emission reduction targets. Both are about 20%. The 10% reduction target for VOCs in the country needs to be completed with at least 15% reduction in key areas; the second is to implement targeted reduction control, such as focusing on source control in the chemical industry, implementing green and Clean production; Third, we must strengthen the coordinated control of VOCs and NOx."
VOCs emit a large number of industries and the composition is extremely complex. The emission characteristics of industrial sources, mobile sources, and living sources of VOCs are different, and classified policies should be implemented in a targeted manner. During the “Thirteenth Five-Year Plan†period, for industrial sources, the total amount of VOCs in key areas and key industries should be strengthened, and large-scale projects should be used to drive large emission reductions. At the same time, combined with emission control and discharge permit management, and promotion of VOCs in other regions and other industries. To ensure the completion of the “13th Five-Year†Ecological Environmental Protection Plan, the total amount of VOC emissions in the country is reduced by 10%.
For transportation sources, emissions of exhaust gas and fuel vaporized VOCs should be reduced by continuously improving emission standards, oil quality standards, and end oil and gas recovery. For living sources, VOCs should be controlled from the source by tightening the VOCs content limit of organic solvent products. emission. The expert added, “Now our industrial coatings require full process control, the source uses low volatility organic raw and auxiliary materials, and the end recommends relevant technical requirements for collection and treatment.â€
3, VOCs standard system needs to be improved, process management is the highlight
Although China is gradually establishing a “general + industry†VOCs emission standard system, compared with the current emission reduction plans for key industries, the formulation of China's VOCs emission standards is slightly weak, such as the packaging and printing industry has become a pilot of VOCs sewage charges. The industry, but the standards for the industry have not been released, this will cause the implementation of the general air pollutant emission standards in the actual operation process, resulting in many industry characteristics of pollutant emissions without standards can be affected, affecting the actual emission reduction work.
In addition, VOCs control is difficult to subdivide in the industry, and different industries have their own characteristics, so it is necessary to customize different solutions. Experts have suggested that we study the emission characteristics of VOCs in different industries, learn from the experience of foreign policy systems, establish a VOCs emission standard system with industry characteristics, and make the policy system more systematic. The characteristics of VOCs pollution in different industries are proposed. Targeted VOCs pollution prevention and control technology policies, improve VOCs pollution control system.
The management of unorganized emissions is the top priority of VOCs governance. From the intensive inspectors from March to October this year, the statistics of illegal cases released monthly show that 50% of illegal cases involve VOCs emissions, mainly unorganized. emission.
Therefore, in addition to governance technology, process management is also very important. How to improve the collection efficiency of airflow and circulation concentration, and the pretreatment of VOCs treatment facilities needs to receive due attention.
4. Supervision is strengthened, monitoring is first
In terms of sound supervision system, we must first establish a monitoring and monitoring system for VOCs. Improve the monitoring and monitoring capacity of organized VOCs for enterprises. The key emission sources of VOCs are included in the list of key pollutant discharge units. The main discharge ports are equipped with automatic monitoring equipment and networked with environmental protection departments. Other enterprises are gradually equipped with automatic monitoring or portable VOCs monitors.
Secondly, it is necessary to strengthen statistics and investigations, incorporate VOCs into the second national pollutant census, master the basic situation of VOCs emission and treatment, establish and improve VOCs emission inventories, implement dynamic updates, screen key sources of emissions, and establish a list of key regulatory enterprises. .
Air pollution emission standards are expected to continue to increase, and will impose more stringent requirements on air quality standards, emission standards and penalties. Monitoring is an important prerequisite for management and governance.
5. The sewage industry tends to be concentrated, and the governance model needs to be considered.
Many of today's governance technologies are aimed at larger companies, and the operating costs of VOC governance facilities are also very high. Nowadays, VOCs are unorganized and emit a lot of scattered enterprises. For such scattered enterprises, we need to consider the governance model.
For multi-point sources, small VOCs emission rate, and intermittent emissions, in order to reduce the cost of pollution control of enterprises or industrial parks in such enterprises, the VOCs governance model of “distributed collection and centralized management†can be adopted.
From January 1, 2018, the "Environmental Protection Tax Law of the People's Republic of China" (hereinafter referred to as the "Environmental Tax Law") will be implemented. This means that after more than a month, the implementation of the 38-year sewage charge system will become history. According to Article 9 of the Environmental Protection Tax Law: Every tax discharge or taxable atmospheric pollutants without discharge ports shall be sorted according to the number of pollution equivalents from large to small, and the environmental pollution tax shall be levied on the first three pollutants.
Some experts believe that according to the environmental tax policy design, each sewage outlet only receives the environmental tax of the first three atmospheric pollutants with the largest discharge, it is likely that toxic pollutants such as benzene and toluene are not received. Therefore, some typical volatile organic compounds can be considered for batch and stepwise inclusion.
6, the current demand is only the tip of the iceberg, the future space is limitless
The market potential for VOCs monitoring and governance is very large, as there are too many industries involved in VOCs emissions. Now we have a reduction of 15 million tons in the 13th Five-Year Plan, but I estimate that this 25 million tons is far from enough.
At present, we know that the VOCs emission industry is only the tip of the iceberg, and future market segments such as industrial coating, terminal oil and gas recovery, and agricultural ammonia reduction will be released. The oil and gas recovery devices on the gas stations, oil storage tanks and tank trucks in the urban built-up areas of key areas have basically landed. In many key areas, oil and gas recovery at gas stations, oil and gas recovery in oil depots have been extended from the built-up area to the city's metropolitan area, and oil and gas recovery in the central and western regions has just begun, so the market potential cannot be ignored.
The key to the success or failure of future VOCs governance needs to be based on a mature model. Including government policy development, industry, and third parties. VOCs are relatively weak compared with sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides, which is both a weak link and a most promising link.
If enterprises can thoroughly research and develop localization technology according to the actual situation of the country, including monitoring, including equipment, etc., it will play a substantial role in the prevention and control of national VOCs. Now the progress of technology is unstoppable. The key is how to use these technologies to maximize their effectiveness.
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