At present, there is a large amount of Ming and Qing dynasty furniture available on the market. Some unscrupulous sellers even bury pieces in the ground for a period to create an aged appearance, making them look very authentic. Therefore, it's essential to develop a strong sense of discernment when identifying genuine antique furniture. But how can one tell real Ming and Qing furniture from fakes? Let’s explore this topic in detail.
**Understanding the Difference Between "Old Furniture" and "Antique Furniture"**
It's important to note that "old furniture" and "antique furniture" are not the same thing. Antiques are typically defined as items over 100 years old, while "old furniture" refers to pieces from more recent times. Specifically, furniture made before 1911 is considered ancient, and those from 1911 to 1949 are classified as old. However, "classical furniture" refers to styles inspired by traditional designs, often imitated in modern production. These are usually bought by collectors or enthusiasts.
**Common Techniques Used to Fake Antique Furniture**
There are several methods used to deceive buyers into thinking they are purchasing genuine antiques. For example, some use old parts to assemble new pieces, or pass off low-quality wood as high-value materials like rosewood or sandalwood.
**1. The First Fake Technique: Face-Lift**
Hate Index: ★★★☆☆
Some counterfeiters remove carvings or decorations from genuine antique pieces to make them appear older. They may also alter the structure to mimic earlier styles. This method relies on the misconception that simpler, less decorated furniture is older.
**Identification Tip:** Genuine antique furniture has a natural, aged feel—blunt, dull, and lacking in charm. If something looks too perfect or overly refined, it might be a fake.
**2. The Second Fake Technique: Aging the Wood**
Hate Index: ★★★★☆
This involves using various methods to artificially age the wood, such as soaking it in sewage, applying rice water or tea, or using lime paste to corrode the surface. Others may use shoe polish, potassium permanganate, or even burn the surface with a blowtorch to simulate wear. These techniques aim to create a false patina.
**Identification Tip:** Natural patina develops gradually and is uneven, especially in areas frequently touched, like handles or seats. Artificially applied patina often looks uniform and lacks depth.
**3. The Third Fake Technique: Piece-by-Piece Assembly**
Hate Index: ★★★★★
This method involves disassembling real antique pieces and reassembling them with new parts to create a "new" antique. It’s particularly deceptive and damaging to original artifacts.
**Identification Tip:** Look for inconsistencies in color, texture, and craftsmanship. Real antiques have unique characteristics that are hard to replicate.
**Basic Methods to Identify Authentic Old Furniture**
1. **Check the Patina:** A natural patina forms where the furniture is frequently touched. Fakes often have unnatural or misplaced patina.
2. **Inspect the Legs:** Look for signs of aging, such as fading or moisture damage. In southern regions, furniture often sits directly on mud, leaving visible marks.
3. **Examine the Bottom and Drawer Panels:** These areas should show a worn, aged look that new imitations can’t match.
4. **Look at the Wood Grain:** Authentic wood grain is uneven and natural. New imitations often look artificial.
5. **Check for Signs of Renovation:** Old chairs may have nail holes from previous repairs. Rattan furniture may show signs of decay or repair.
6. **Study the Copper Hardware:** Authentic copper parts have been used for decades, showing wear and rust. Patterns and craftsmanship reflect the era and region.
7. **Evaluate the Carving:** Traditional carvings are smooth, detailed, and natural. Fakes tend to be rushed, with rough edges and inconsistent patterns.
**Expert Advice: Be Cautious When Buying**
Antique furniture can be very expensive, so it's crucial to be careful. Don't rush into purchases based on stories or hype. Always do your research and consult experts if possible. Remember, it's better to miss out on a purchase than to end up with a fake. If a piece doesn't have good craftsmanship or style, it may not be worth collecting, even if it's old. In some cases, a well-made imitation might be a better choice.
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