Analyze the factors that affect the efficiency of the centrifugal pump set, and propose improvement measures to improve the efficiency of the centrifugal pump and reduce the energy consumption of the equipment.
1. Several factors affecting the efficiency of centrifugal pumps
The efficiency of a centrifugal pump is the product of three efficiencies: mechanical, volumetric and hydraulic. The efficiency of the pump set is the product of pump efficiency and motor efficiency. The main factors causing the low efficiency of the centrifugal pump set are the following.
1. The efficiency of the pump itself is the most fundamental impact. Under the same working conditions, the efficiency of the pump may differ by more than 15%.
2. The operating conditions of the centrifugal pump are lower than the rated operating conditions of the pump, the pump efficiency is low, and the energy consumption is high.
3. The efficiency of the motor remains basically unchanged during operation. Therefore, it is important to choose a high-efficiency motor.
4. The effect of mechanical efficiency is mainly related to design and manufacturing quality. After the pump is selected, the impact of later management is small.
5. Hydraulic loss includes hydraulic friction and local resistance loss. After the pump has been running for a certain period of time, it is inevitable that the surface of the impeller and guide vanes will wear out, the hydraulic loss will increase, and the hydraulic efficiency will decrease.
6. The volume loss of the pump, also known as leakage loss, includes three leakage losses: impeller seal ring, interstage, and axial force balance mechanism. The level of volumetric efficiency is not only related to design and manufacturing, but also related to later management. After the pump runs continuously for a certain period of time, due to friction between the components, the gap increases and the volumetric efficiency decreases.
7. The centrifugal pump is evacuated and idling due to the clogging of the filter cylinder and the intake of the pipeline.
8. Before the pump is started, employees do not pay attention to the preparatory work before the start of the centrifugal pump. The basic operating rules such as warm pump, disc pump, and perfusion pump are not thoroughly implemented, often causing cavitation of the pump, causing large noise, vibration and pump efficiency low.
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