Paper fee occupies a major share in the cost of journals and is the main item that controls the operating costs of journals. We may wish to take a rough look at the cost of the main body of the journal-the text. For example, a periodical with 16 degrees, a 64-page 70-gram offset paper, and a saddle-stitching rotary printing machine with 30,000 copies. The cost is calculated as follows.
1. Text draft fee = 50 yuan / 1,000 words × 2.5 thousand words / P × 64 pages = 8,000 yuan
2. Graphic processing fee = 15 yuan / page × 64 pages = 960 yuan
3. Fees for copying and publishing = 80 yuan / folio × 64 pages / 8 pages = 640 yuan
4. Printing fee = 15 yuan / ream × 30,000 / 1000 × 64/16 = 1800 yuan
5. Binding fee = 0.03 yuan / printed sheet × 64/16 × 30,000 = 3600 yuan
6. Management fee = (8000 + 960 + 640 + 1800 + 3600) yuan × 20% = 3000 yuan
7. Paper fee = 7000 yuan / ton / 1000 × 0.43 × 1.1 × 70 × 30,000 / 1000 × 64/16 = 27812.4 yuan
Analysis of the above data shows that the total cost is 45812.4 yuan, and the proportion of paper costs in the total cost is 27812.4 ÷ 45812.4 = 61%. The paper fee for the text of the journal alone accounts for more than 60% of the production cost, which shows the importance of saving paper to control the cost of the journal. The author believes that the periodical paper must adhere to the principle of product classification, according to the needs of product content, the most suitable paper design, which can fundamentally reduce the amount of materials used and costs. To meet the requirements of customers to the greatest extent and to reduce the cost of paper to the utmost extent should be the goal pursued by the design of paper for journals.
Saving paper first pass
1. Select the appropriate paper grade
In the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, most of the periodicals were mainly written, and the letterpress paper of lower grade was used in paper. In the 1970s and 1980s, with the development, application, and maturity of the Chinese character laser phototypesetting technology, the printing industry underwent large-scale technical and equipment transformation, and various journals were gradually changed to phototypesetting and offset printing techniques. The paper mill developed and produced Mid-range paper suitable for offset printing. Since then, many journals have adopted two-color or four-color printing, and many journals have been printed on high-grade paper such as offset paper or coated paper. In recent years, after the wave of journals pursuing high-grade paper and multi-color printing has passed, many journals have begun to use light-coated paper as a sub-grade paper, and the use of paper tends to be low in quantity. Today, with the increasing variety of paper, how should printing companies choose the grade of journal paper?
2. The paper should be suitable for its content
Colleagues who do publishing know that a publication always has content as its king, and its form serves content. Similarly, the periodical paper must match its content. For example, for serious journals, the use of paper should not be publicized. Journals with lively and fashionable content should use brighter paper. The same is the art journals. Films and dramas require strong visual impact, so they should use brighter papers. Calligraphy and Chinese painting journals should be elegant, and they should use offset, light coating, matt copperplates and other papers.
3. The paper should be suitable for its issuing area
The political, economic, social, and cultural development levels of different regions in China are not consistent, and the consumption level of publications will not be the same. Therefore, the paper used for periodicals can have different grades. Even for journals with the same content, if the circulation volume is large enough, higher-end papers can be used for the parts distributed to developed regions such as the coast, and low-end papers can be used for the parts distributed to less developed regions such as the Midwest. Even journals issued to the same area can be divided into urban and rural editions with different paper grades. The same principles apply to journals distributed internationally. Journals can also use high-, medium-, and low-grade paper for different regions. Some journals for overseas distribution use low-quantity paper such as dictionary paper to reduce the cost of airmail.
4. The paper should be suitable for different readers
From the perspective of suitable readers, the journals serving high-income readers can use high-end paper as much as possible, and they do not tire of their luxury. Periodicals that target the majority of rural readers should be as economical as possible in the selection of paper, regardless of grade. The same periodical can also use different grades of paper to publish classic edition, ordinary edition and popular edition respectively.
5. The paper should be suitable for its different development period
For example, some well-known foreign journals use thin paper, which is thinner than China's telephone number, and most of them are saddle stitched. This is because these journals are already well-known in the world media industry. Regardless of its carrier form, readers who need it will buy and read, so it can use cheap paper and binding methods to reduce costs and increase profits. In the same way, during the initial period when the periodical reputation and reputation are low, you can choose better paper to attract readers' attention (of course, there is suitable content), so as to gradually maintain a relatively fixed readership and form a brand effect. . After that, we can consider the thrift of paper and binding methods.
6. The paper should be suitable for the form of information
For paper-based journals, the performance symbols of information can be roughly divided into three types: text, graphics, and network image. As far as the printing suitability of the paper is concerned, the representation symbols of the information can be roughly divided into two types: text and network line. Periodicals with line graphs, especially large-area flat screens or solid fields, whether it is monochrome printing, two-color printing or four-color printing, require that the surface structure of the paper is firm, smooth, and not powdered or fluffed. For text-based journals, the paper requirements can be reduced. For example, in addition to high-end journals such as fashion and automobiles and journals that need to faithfully reflect natural objects, general journals, especially those related to politics, specialty and technology, use lower prices than coated paper, and the printing effect is slightly worse than coated paper Lightly coated paper or offset paper is more suitable.
The second level of saving paper is to choose paper based on the format. In recent years, the format of the format of Chinese periodicals has been continuously optimized. One of the performances is the size of the format from small to large. That is, from the conventionally uniform 16 format, to a large 16 format or larger, such as 1/16 format for 850mm × 1168mm paper, 1/16 format for 889mm × 1194mm paper, and 1/16 format for 880mm × 1230mm paper Format, 1/16 format for 880mm × 1270mm paper, 1/8 format for 635mm × 965mm paper, etc. The second performance is the diversification of the format width and height ratio. In addition to the size of the format that is roughly designed according to the golden ratio, there are also alien format sizes that do not follow the golden section, such as ultra-wide and ultra-high. This puts forward new issues for printing and binding technology and paper-making enterprises to serve the diversified development of journals. The principle of the size design of the journal format is to meet the needs of the content, and secondly to have a better adaptability to printing and binding. General products can use the existing format and original paper. If you need creative new format, you need to design the best solution. General products can use the existing format and original paper.
The format design of the format is the second link to save paper in the journal. The size of the format, analyzed from the perspective of approximate size, is to meet the needs of the content of the product, and coordinate with the content of the product, complement each other, and complement each other. From the perspective of precise dimensions, it is necessary to maximize the utilization of paper and materials. Here are four ways for editors, publishers and designers of journals to refer to.
First, try to choose paper within the range of paper sizes available in the market. In order to improve the utilization rate of paper, save costs, and reduce prices, the size of the original design can be fine-tuned negatively without affecting the design effect.
Secondly, when it is not feasible to use the existing size paper in the market for fine-tuning, if the product has a small number of prints, you can still use the existing size paper in the market, but you can format, print, and bind according to the special format to improve the paper. The purpose of utilization rate, cost savings and cost reduction.
Third, for periodical products with a large number of prints, if the paper with a current market size is used at a lower utilization rate, the design size and conventional plate-making, printing, and binding processes (that is, the number of openings = 2 to the Nth power) can be used. Calculate the size of the paper required, please produce separately in the paper mill. Similarly, the precise paper size should be determined in accordance with the principle of improving the utilization rate of the paper to be made, and without affecting the design effect, after consultation with the paper mill for fine-tuning.
Fourth, according to the design size and conventional plate-making, printing, and binding processes (that is, the number of openings = 2 to the Nth power), calculate the required paper size. When the paper mill cannot arrange production due to the small batch size, you can ask the paper supplier Use original paper of similar size for trimming to meet the needs of journal publishing and save social resources.
The third pass of saving paper to grasp the suitability of paper printing
When a printing house purchases paper for a periodical, it must make its publishing suitability and printing suitability the first priority. The quality of the purchased paper is mainly due to various suitability, and must be guaranteed by strict measures, such as strict contract terms, strict purchase inspection, necessary trial production experiments and so on. It is best to ask the paper supplier to provide samples in advance for trial production and confirm the suitability is correct before purchasing in bulk to avoid additional cost increase due to discordance. For insurance purposes, it is best to contact the backup paper or manufacturer in advance, so that when the original paper has a temporary problem, it can be transferred to the spot immediately. How should a printing house obtain information on the suitability of printing and binding on paper? It can be obtained from newspapers, periodicals, the Internet, and other media in the printing industry. You can obtain relevant data, samples, proofs, etc. from paper production or suppliers, you can learn from other printing companies, or you can accumulate Lessons Learned.
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