For a long time, China has been at a very low level in the field of laboratory equipment production. Before 1995, there was basically no professional laboratory basic equipment manufacturer in China. A few powerful scientific research units must purchase professional laboratories because of work needs. When it comes to equipment, only high prices are imported from abroad. After the development in recent years, our laboratory equipment has been greatly improved and improved.
With the development of science and technology and the enhancement of China's comprehensive national strength and economic strength, the equipment of China's modern laboratories is changing, that is, it is originally made of raw materials such as laboratory basins, sand and stone, bricks, wood, steel and so on. Experimental equipment such as cement benches, fume hoods, etc., have been transformed into directly combined modular products.
Modular complete molding products use modern new materials and modern production processes. Its advantages are: serialization of products, flexible structure, adjustable laboratory layout, excellent acid and alkali resistance, heat resistance, beautiful and durable, high-end luxury, uniform, advanced Practical, fast installation and construction, etc.
3.1 Requirements for laboratory furniture Laboratory furniture is a relatively special type of furniture. Laboratory furniture should not only have excellent use functions, but also have a clean and clear appearance and colors to improve the indoor environment and reflect the characteristics of the times. The design, flexibility and serialization of laboratory furniture is one of the components of the laboratory building and one of the basic conditions of the laboratory.
In order to meet the needs of various laboratories with different experimental contents, laboratory furniture should meet the experimental requirements of comfortable and safe environment, while satisfying the experiment's functionality, robustness, corrosion resistance, and installation flexibility. Laboratory furniture is different from household furniture. Its use is often in contact with water, electricity, gas, chemicals and materials, and instruments and equipment. Therefore, higher requirements are placed on the structure and materials of furniture. Experiments must be paid attention to in laboratory construction Room furniture design, use of environmentally friendly materials and selection.
There are a lot of laboratory furniture, but they are mainly classified into several categories: chemical laboratory benches, instrument laboratory benches, sky platforms, washing benches, laboratory cabinets, ultra-clean workbenches, biological safety cabinets, and fume hoods.
3.2 The selection of countertop materials such as countertops, plates and surface treatment test benches, instrument tables and fume hoods is very important, because the laboratory work is mainly done on the panel of the cabinet, and the laboratory work usually requires heating or using strong acids and alkalis, organic Destructive chemical reagents such as solvents, therefore, have high and special requirements for countertop materials, and generally require certain resistance to high temperatures and reagent corrosion.
The test benches that were commonly used in the country in the past include wooden countertops, cement countertops, terrazzo countertops, ceramic tile countertops, and marble countertops, etc., which can be selected according to the needs of the work. Here we highlight some of the currently popular table materials with excellent performance that can be cut and installed on site or can be freely combined to form. The imported table top physicochemical board is made of polymer fiber and thermosetting resin under high temperature and high pressure.
Countertops usually have wooden countertops, natural granite, marble countertops, steel countertops and synthetic resin countertops. The countertop should be selected from the container cabinet below, and small flanges can be provided around the countertop to prevent the overflow of the medicinal solution when the countertop is flushed or the countertop; the countertop not considering the flushing can also be provided with no flange.
The countertop surface layer is required to have the advantages of being strong, smooth and seamless, impermeable to chemical liquids, not easy to break, not sensitive to heat or cold, not easy to break glassware and easy to maintain, but it is a comparison to find materials that can all meet these requirements difficult. Various colors can be used for the countertop, but black is more suitable for ordinary chemical laboratories, which makes the scales on glassware easy to see, and it is not easy to color itself; biochemical laboratories with bacteria should use white seamless countertops.
3.2.1 Solid wood countertops are usually used for wooden countertops, which have the advantages of warm appearance, easy to repair, and easy to break glassware. The disadvantage is that if the wood processing or manufacturing method is not proper, it will crack and warp. The thickness of the countertop should be 32 mm. The wood is preferably hemp chestnut, and birch and maple can also be used. The countertop can be treated with traditional lacquer or aniline black to enhance its acid resistance. In addition, corrosion-resistant synthetic resin coatings can also be used. Due to difficulties in the source of high-quality wood, there are also considerations for the use of 32 mm thick composite plates, with wood bars in the middle, and the inner layer can be made of various suitable synthetic materials.
If a wooden countertop is used, it should be chemically treated. The methods are as follows:
A. After the table top is impregnated with the oak bark infusion (or tannin), it is then dipped with ferric chloride solution or 8% to 10% ferrous sulfate solution, and then wiped with linseed oil 3-4 times . This prevents both acid and alkali and soap water.
B. Apply the hot aniline salt (600 parts) and ammonium chloride (60 parts) water (2500 parts) solution to the freshly polished table top. After completely dry, then apply copper sulfate (400 parts) ) And potassium chlorate (200 parts) in hot water (2500 parts). Apply the previous liquid after drying. After repeated application for four times in this way, dark green crystalline powder appears, and finally wipe it off with fine sandpaper (preferably washed with hot water), and then apply several times with dry oil.
C. Use liquid. 1: 85 parts of copper chloride, 67 parts of potassium chlorate and 33 parts of concentrated ammonia are dissolved in 1000 parts of water. 2. 60 parts of aniline hydrochloric acid are dissolved in 400 parts of water.
Take the volume ratio of 1: 2 as 4: 1, mix and apply 4 to 5 times repeatedly, and then apply dry oil several times. In order to keep the countertop acid-proof, alkali-proof and clean frequently, it can be coated with linseed oil and castor oil once a day.
D. Acid use liquid. 1: 250 grams of copper sulfate, 500 grams of potassium permanganate, 250 grams of ferrous sulfate, dissolved in 2000 ml of water. 2: 200 ml of aniline and 100 ml of hydrochloric acid in 2000 ml of water. First apply the boiled liquid (1) on the countertop 2 to 3 times until crystals appear on the countertop, then wipe the crystals floating on the surface with a rag, then Brush the liquid (2) 2 or 3 times, after drying , Just brush the flax oil a second time. The countertop treated in this way is dark black and resistant to acid and alkali corrosion.
3.2.2 Stone countertops Stone countertops are made of inorganic stone materials such as marble and natural granite. It is mainly used in stationary test benches and has the characteristics of stability, sturdiness, and high temperature resistance. It is generally used to lay thicker rubber skins for chemical test benches, and can also be used for test benches on steel supports.
3.2.3 Steel countertops Steel countertops generally have stainless steel countertops with a thickness of 1.2 mm stainless steel. Good heat resistance and impact resistance, easy to remove rust and contaminants, with excellent load-bearing capacity, can be installed on the steel pipe frame. This table is beautiful and durable, suitable for use in other laboratories besides chemical laboratories, such as radiochemistry, biochemistry and oil testing, etc., the price is higher.
3.2.4 Synthetic resin countertops Synthetic resin countertops are made of a high-density, high-molecular modern synthetic resin material with good physical properties and resistance to chemical corrosion. Synthetic resins are mostly melamine formaldehyde resins, epoxy resins, anti-corrosion solid psychological plates, etc., which have been used on experimental benches and basins.
Epoxy countertop: It is mainly composed of reinforced epoxy resin, with smooth and safe curved edge trimming, and is a chemical countertop with integrated molding. The internal and external materials are consistent, and can be restored when damaged. It has excellent acid and alkali resistance, impact resistance, and high temperature resistance (about 800 ℃).
Corrosion-resistant physical and chemical board: It is made of high-quality multi-layer paper after screening, which is formed from kraft paper, white and special surface paper impregnated with phenolic resin added with special ingredients, and is formed by high temperature and high pressure treatment, and is subjected to special corrosion treatment on the surface. With acid and alkali resistance, impact resistance, heat resistance, economical and durable.
Corrosion-resistant veneer physicochemical table top, 1 mm thick corrosion-resistant physicochemical board, frame and honeycomb structure, resistant to acids, alkalis, strong oxidants, etc., scratch resistant, high temperature resistant, no pores on the surface, environmentally friendly materials, black and white , Gray and other colors.
Thin solid core physical and chemical board table top, the surface material is 6 mm thick solid core physical and chemical board, its performance is the same as corrosion resistant physical and chemical board.
The solid core physical and chemical board tabletop thickness is 12.7 mm, 15 mm, 20 mm, and 25 mm. The solid core physical and chemical board is processed and trimmed, and the surface has no capillary holes. It is easy to clean. It is an ideal tabletop material and has good acid resistance. Alkali corrosive, suitable for clean laboratory.
TRESPA: The composition is 70% wood fiber, 30% melamine resin, and the dual electron beam scanning patented technology is used to attach the melamine to the surface layer and formed by high temperature and high pressure.
High-grade decorative board countertop: The surface material is 1 mm high-grade decorative board, frame and honeycomb structure, the surface is smooth and uniform, and the colors are black, white, gray, green and so on.
3.2.5 Panel board panels are divided into medium density boards, high density boards, artificial wood plywood, etc., and products that meet environmental protection requirements should be used.
The base material of the experimental cabinet should meet the environmental protection requirements, and the surface material should have the characteristics of corrosion resistance, easy cleaning, and fire prevention
With the development of science and technology and the enhancement of China's comprehensive national strength and economic strength, the equipment of China's modern laboratories is changing, that is, it is originally made of raw materials such as laboratory basins, sand and stone, bricks, wood, steel and so on. Experimental equipment such as cement benches, fume hoods, etc., have been transformed into directly combined modular products.
Modular complete molding products use modern new materials and modern production processes. Its advantages are: serialization of products, flexible structure, adjustable laboratory layout, excellent acid and alkali resistance, heat resistance, beautiful and durable, high-end luxury, uniform, advanced Practical, fast installation and construction, etc.
3.1 Requirements for laboratory furniture Laboratory furniture is a relatively special type of furniture. Laboratory furniture should not only have excellent use functions, but also have a clean and clear appearance and colors to improve the indoor environment and reflect the characteristics of the times. The design, flexibility and serialization of laboratory furniture is one of the components of the laboratory building and one of the basic conditions of the laboratory.
In order to meet the needs of various laboratories with different experimental contents, laboratory furniture should meet the experimental requirements of comfortable and safe environment, while satisfying the experiment's functionality, robustness, corrosion resistance, and installation flexibility. Laboratory furniture is different from household furniture. Its use is often in contact with water, electricity, gas, chemicals and materials, and instruments and equipment. Therefore, higher requirements are placed on the structure and materials of furniture. Experiments must be paid attention to in laboratory construction Room furniture design, use of environmentally friendly materials and selection.
There are a lot of laboratory furniture, but they are mainly classified into several categories: chemical laboratory benches, instrument laboratory benches, sky platforms, washing benches, laboratory cabinets, ultra-clean workbenches, biological safety cabinets, and fume hoods.
3.2 The selection of countertop materials such as countertops, plates and surface treatment test benches, instrument tables and fume hoods is very important, because the laboratory work is mainly done on the panel of the cabinet, and the laboratory work usually requires heating or using strong acids and alkalis, organic Destructive chemical reagents such as solvents, therefore, have high and special requirements for countertop materials, and generally require certain resistance to high temperatures and reagent corrosion.
The test benches that were commonly used in the country in the past include wooden countertops, cement countertops, terrazzo countertops, ceramic tile countertops, and marble countertops, etc., which can be selected according to the needs of the work. Here we highlight some of the currently popular table materials with excellent performance that can be cut and installed on site or can be freely combined to form. The imported table top physicochemical board is made of polymer fiber and thermosetting resin under high temperature and high pressure.
Countertops usually have wooden countertops, natural granite, marble countertops, steel countertops and synthetic resin countertops. The countertop should be selected from the container cabinet below, and small flanges can be provided around the countertop to prevent the overflow of the medicinal solution when the countertop is flushed or the countertop; the countertop not considering the flushing can also be provided with no flange.
The countertop surface layer is required to have the advantages of being strong, smooth and seamless, impermeable to chemical liquids, not easy to break, not sensitive to heat or cold, not easy to break glassware and easy to maintain, but it is a comparison to find materials that can all meet these requirements difficult. Various colors can be used for the countertop, but black is more suitable for ordinary chemical laboratories, which makes the scales on glassware easy to see, and it is not easy to color itself; biochemical laboratories with bacteria should use white seamless countertops.
3.2.1 Solid wood countertops are usually used for wooden countertops, which have the advantages of warm appearance, easy to repair, and easy to break glassware. The disadvantage is that if the wood processing or manufacturing method is not proper, it will crack and warp. The thickness of the countertop should be 32 mm. The wood is preferably hemp chestnut, and birch and maple can also be used. The countertop can be treated with traditional lacquer or aniline black to enhance its acid resistance. In addition, corrosion-resistant synthetic resin coatings can also be used. Due to difficulties in the source of high-quality wood, there are also considerations for the use of 32 mm thick composite plates, with wood bars in the middle, and the inner layer can be made of various suitable synthetic materials.
If a wooden countertop is used, it should be chemically treated. The methods are as follows:
A. After the table top is impregnated with the oak bark infusion (or tannin), it is then dipped with ferric chloride solution or 8% to 10% ferrous sulfate solution, and then wiped with linseed oil 3-4 times . This prevents both acid and alkali and soap water.
B. Apply the hot aniline salt (600 parts) and ammonium chloride (60 parts) water (2500 parts) solution to the freshly polished table top. After completely dry, then apply copper sulfate (400 parts) ) And potassium chlorate (200 parts) in hot water (2500 parts). Apply the previous liquid after drying. After repeated application for four times in this way, dark green crystalline powder appears, and finally wipe it off with fine sandpaper (preferably washed with hot water), and then apply several times with dry oil.
C. Use liquid. 1: 85 parts of copper chloride, 67 parts of potassium chlorate and 33 parts of concentrated ammonia are dissolved in 1000 parts of water. 2. 60 parts of aniline hydrochloric acid are dissolved in 400 parts of water.
Take the volume ratio of 1: 2 as 4: 1, mix and apply 4 to 5 times repeatedly, and then apply dry oil several times. In order to keep the countertop acid-proof, alkali-proof and clean frequently, it can be coated with linseed oil and castor oil once a day.
D. Acid use liquid. 1: 250 grams of copper sulfate, 500 grams of potassium permanganate, 250 grams of ferrous sulfate, dissolved in 2000 ml of water. 2: 200 ml of aniline and 100 ml of hydrochloric acid in 2000 ml of water. First apply the boiled liquid (1) on the countertop 2 to 3 times until crystals appear on the countertop, then wipe the crystals floating on the surface with a rag, then Brush the liquid (2) 2 or 3 times, after drying , Just brush the flax oil a second time. The countertop treated in this way is dark black and resistant to acid and alkali corrosion.
3.2.2 Stone countertops Stone countertops are made of inorganic stone materials such as marble and natural granite. It is mainly used in stationary test benches and has the characteristics of stability, sturdiness, and high temperature resistance. It is generally used to lay thicker rubber skins for chemical test benches, and can also be used for test benches on steel supports.
3.2.3 Steel countertops Steel countertops generally have stainless steel countertops with a thickness of 1.2 mm stainless steel. Good heat resistance and impact resistance, easy to remove rust and contaminants, with excellent load-bearing capacity, can be installed on the steel pipe frame. This table is beautiful and durable, suitable for use in other laboratories besides chemical laboratories, such as radiochemistry, biochemistry and oil testing, etc., the price is higher.
3.2.4 Synthetic resin countertops Synthetic resin countertops are made of a high-density, high-molecular modern synthetic resin material with good physical properties and resistance to chemical corrosion. Synthetic resins are mostly melamine formaldehyde resins, epoxy resins, anti-corrosion solid psychological plates, etc., which have been used on experimental benches and basins.
Epoxy countertop: It is mainly composed of reinforced epoxy resin, with smooth and safe curved edge trimming, and is a chemical countertop with integrated molding. The internal and external materials are consistent, and can be restored when damaged. It has excellent acid and alkali resistance, impact resistance, and high temperature resistance (about 800 ℃).
Corrosion-resistant physical and chemical board: It is made of high-quality multi-layer paper after screening, which is formed from kraft paper, white and special surface paper impregnated with phenolic resin added with special ingredients, and is formed by high temperature and high pressure treatment, and is subjected to special corrosion treatment on the surface. With acid and alkali resistance, impact resistance, heat resistance, economical and durable.
Corrosion-resistant veneer physicochemical table top, 1 mm thick corrosion-resistant physicochemical board, frame and honeycomb structure, resistant to acids, alkalis, strong oxidants, etc., scratch resistant, high temperature resistant, no pores on the surface, environmentally friendly materials, black and white , Gray and other colors.
Thin solid core physical and chemical board table top, the surface material is 6 mm thick solid core physical and chemical board, its performance is the same as corrosion resistant physical and chemical board.
The solid core physical and chemical board tabletop thickness is 12.7 mm, 15 mm, 20 mm, and 25 mm. The solid core physical and chemical board is processed and trimmed, and the surface has no capillary holes. It is easy to clean. It is an ideal tabletop material and has good acid resistance. Alkali corrosive, suitable for clean laboratory.
TRESPA: The composition is 70% wood fiber, 30% melamine resin, and the dual electron beam scanning patented technology is used to attach the melamine to the surface layer and formed by high temperature and high pressure.
High-grade decorative board countertop: The surface material is 1 mm high-grade decorative board, frame and honeycomb structure, the surface is smooth and uniform, and the colors are black, white, gray, green and so on.
3.2.5 Panel board panels are divided into medium density boards, high density boards, artificial wood plywood, etc., and products that meet environmental protection requirements should be used.
The base material of the experimental cabinet should meet the environmental protection requirements, and the surface material should have the characteristics of corrosion resistance, easy cleaning, and fire prevention
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