1 The concept of graphics and images
Graphic information, image information, and text information are also called graphic information. They are the transfer objects transferred to the substrate in the printing and copying process, and are the basic information elements that constitute the printing layout, publication pages, and so on.
The graphics are constructed by manual freehand drawing or assisted by a computer system. The two-dimensional or three-dimensional visual information body with certain physical features is a vector diagram composed of external contour lines; the image is natural or artificially produced by The two-dimensional or three-dimensional visual information composed of a large number of tiny pixels is a bitmap composed of pixel lattices.
2 Graphic file format and processing software
Common graphics processing software in the field of prepress processing includes: CorelDraw by Corel, Illustrator by Adobe, Freehand by Macromedia, 3Dmax, etc. In addition, in the engineering fields such as computer-aided design and manufacturing, commonly used graphics processing The software also includes: AutoCAD, GHCAD, Pro / E, UG, CATIA, MDT, CAXA electronic drawing and so on.
These software can draw vector graphics, define the processing information of page elements in a mathematical way, can independently move, scale, rotate and distort vector graphics and primitives, and can output graphics at different resolutions.
Because the graphics only need to save the algorithm and related control points, the storage space occupied by the graphics files is generally small, but when the screen is displayed, due to the calculation process of scan conversion, the display speed is slightly compared to the image Slower, but the output quality is better.
Commonly used graphic file storage formats, including:
â‘´ CDR format: This format is a graphics file storage format dedicated to CorelDraw software;
⑵ AI format: This format is a graphic file storage format dedicated to Illustrator software;
(3) DXF format: It is the graphics file format of AutoCAD software. This format stores graphics in ASCII mode, which can be called and edited by software such as CorelDraw and 3Dmax.
â‘· EPS format: This format is a universal format that can be used for encoding vector graphics, pixel images, and text, that is, to record graphics, images, and text in one file.
3 Image file format and processing software
The most commonly used image processing software in the prepress field is Adobe's Photoshop software, which is widely used in image processing in various fields and almost occupies the dominant position of computer image processing software.
The image is composed of a series of ordered pixels. Common storage formats in computers are: BMP, TIFF, EPS, JPEG, GIF, PSD, PDF and other formats. among them:
â‘´ BMP format: It is the standard image file format in Windows. It describes the bitmap in a device-independent way. Various commonly used graphics and image software can edit and process the image file in this format;
⑵ TIFF format: This format is a commonly used bitmap image format. TIFF bitmaps can have any size and resolution, and images used for printing and printing output are recommended to be stored in this format;
(3) JPEG format: It is an efficient compression format that can greatly compress images, save network resources to the greatest extent, and increase transmission speed. Therefore, images used for network transmission are generally stored in this format.
â‘· GIF format: This format can be used in various image processing software and is a compressed file format, so it generally takes up less space and is suitable for network transmission. It is generally used to store animation effect pictures.
⑸ PSD format: This format is a standard image file format used in Photoshop software, which can retain the image layer information, channel mask information, etc., which is convenient for subsequent modification and special effect production. Generally, it is recommended to store the images produced and processed in Photoshop in this format to save the data information to the maximum. After the production is completed, it is converted into other image file formats for subsequent layout, imposition and output work.
⑹ PDF format: also known as portable (or portable) file format, with cross-platform features, and including effective control information for professional plate making and printing production, can be used as a common file format in the prepress field.
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