The material specifications for a softball field should be consistent with those used in road construction. Natural turf materials must meet the standards required for gardening, while all synthetic materials should also comply with environmental protection regulations.
**Natural Grass Material**
1) **Soil Quality**: The soil used for natural turf should be sandy loam with good particle size distribution. It must allow for excellent water and air permeability, ensuring that rainwater drains quickly from the surface without causing pooling or damaging the grass bed. This helps maintain a stable playing surface and promotes healthy grass growth.
2) **Grass Seedlings**: The quality of natural grass seedlings should follow the guidelines outlined in the construction and maintenance standards for football fields.
**Artificial Turf Field Materials**
1) The height of artificial grass blades should exceed 4 cm, with no more than 1 cm exposed above the surface.
2) In artificial turf installations, the base layer can be filled with sand, while the top layer must be composed of black crumb rubber.
**Artificial Turf Base Material**
For the base of artificial turf, materials such as asphalt concrete or cement concrete commonly used in road construction are suitable options.
**Soil Material Requirements**
The ground of a softball field is typically constructed using artificially treated soil. Due to the high performance demands, it is often difficult to meet the standards of natural soil or mixed-color raw materials.
Here are the specific requirements for the soil:
1) **Soil Particle Size Distribution Table**
| Sieve (mm) | 10 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 0.5 | 0.25 | 0.075 |
|------------|------|------|------|------|------|------|--------|
| Throughput (%) | 100 | 83–98 | 68–79 | 57–71 | 45–57 | 26–33 | 9.8–11.6 |
2) **Soil Color**: The soil should have a brownish-yellow or orange-red color, achieved by processing natural soil through sintering, crushing, and adding appropriate additives.
3) **Soil Liquid and Plastic Limits**:
- Plasticity Index: 8–12
- Liquid Limit: 30–35
4) **Dry Density**: 1.6–1.7 g/cm³
5) **Soil Additives**:
- Maximum amount of curing agent allowed.
- Soil must not contain any dyes or environmentally harmful substances.
**Gravel Material Requirements**
- Maximum particle size: 10 cm
- Particles smaller than 5 mm should not exceed 30% (by volume).
- Clay content should not exceed 10% of the mass of particles smaller than 5 mm.
By following these detailed specifications, the softball field will ensure optimal performance, durability, and environmental safety.
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