With the increasing popularity of swimming pools, the process of tiling a pool requires careful planning and precision. It typically involves six key steps to ensure proper installation and long-lasting results.
**Step 1: Determine the Pool Structure Size**
Before starting the tiling process, it's essential to accurately measure the dimensions of the pool. For a standard competition pool that is 50 meters long, the actual size should have a positive tolerance. The standard size is usually 50m by 25m or 50m by 21m. The walls at both ends should extend from 30cm above the water surface to 80cm below. The length error should be within (+0.01, 0.00m). After installing an automatic timing touch panel, the maximum allowable error is 50 meters + 0.03 meters.
For renovation, you should account for the thickness of ceramic tiles (0.8cm), tile adhesive (0.7–0.8cm), leveling waterproof mortar (2.5–3.0cm), waterproof layer (0.2cm x2), electronic contact plate (1.0cm x2), and additional space. This gives a total renovation allowance. Without a touch panel, the pool structure should be approximately 50(25)m + 0.11m, and with one, around 50(25)m + 0.13m. The side walls can tolerate a ±2cm error.
**Step 2: Choose an Effective Waterproofing Process**
Waterproofing is critical in pool construction. When pouring concrete, use high-strength impervious concrete and ensure proper compaction. After demolding, allow sufficient curing time and conduct irrigation tests to check for leaks. Cement-based crystalline waterproof materials are ideal for the inner walls, as they help bond the cement mortar to the tiles. All adhesives, sealants, and mortars should be waterproof-rated.
**Step 3: Ensure Leveling and Accuracy**
After the 50m (or 25m) length is leveled, the actual size should be 50m (or 25m) + 0.01m, plus the contact plate thickness (0.01m x2), tile thickness (8mm x2), and adhesive thickness (7–8mm x2), totaling 50m (or 25m) + 0.06m. Without a touch panel, the length should be 50m (or 25m) + 0.04m. The pool walls must be parallel and perpendicular, with the bottom wall aligned correctly. Plane errors should not exceed ±2mm per square meter, and side-to-side distance errors should be within ±2cm. The depth should follow the module of the special pool tiles based on usage needs.
**Step 4: Establish the Benchmark and Layout Lines**
The inner wall of the pool should be leveled and allowed to cure for a week. Keep the surface clean during this period. Before tiling, set up baseline markers. Start with the overall shape of the pool, then mark the centerline of the end walls for a 25-meter pool. Divide each side into 2.5 meters (or 20 bricks). Use the gully and overflow ditch as reference for water level elevation, placing ash cakes every 2–3 meters. Ensure horizontal accuracy within ±2mm and divide the 50m pool walls into 1m grids, further divided into 125mm x 250mm sections. Correctly align all baselines before proceeding.
**Step 5: Tile Laying Order**
Begin tiling from one end of the pool, working your way across the bottom to the other side. Lay the deep blue lane markings according to competition standards, then proceed with the tiling. For Rosa pool tiles (244×119mm) with a 6mm joint, arrange 4 bricks per square meter in length and 8 in width, totaling 32 bricks. Check X and Y grid lines every 2–3 meters to prevent error accumulation.
In a standard competition pool, non-slip wool bricks (including lane markers) are used below and above the waterline. The final molding at both ends must be 50m ±0.02–0.03m. After installing the touch panel, the error must not exceed 50m + 0.03m.
**Step 6: Adhesive Preparation and Application**
Clean the surface thoroughly before applying adhesive. Ensure it is free of dust and oil. Spread the adhesive evenly using a 10mm notched trowel, with a thickness of 7–8mm. Wait 15 minutes before tiling. Avoid pre-applying adhesive over large areas, and do not place tiles until the adhesive is properly bonded. When laying tiles along the control lines, maintain a ±2mm tolerance for extruded tiles. Use a rubber float to level the tiles and ensure evenness.
At both ends of the pool walls, anti-slip tiles should be installed from 300mm above the waterline to 800mm below. The completed surfaces must meet competition rules, with a length error of 50m (+0.01, 0.00m). After installing the touch panel, the error must not exceed 50m + 0.03m.
On both sides of the pool, non-slip pit-patterned bricks should be laid according to the detailed layout. The pool’s side and end levels must be accurate, especially for counter-current pools, where the error should not exceed ±2mm.
Tiles should remain affixed for at least two days. Seal the joints using conventional methods and compact them with a specialized tool. Remove any excess adhesive or sealant immediately with a damp cloth.
After one week of installation, the pool can be safely filled and used.
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