RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) refers to a radio frequency identification system, which is also called a wireless IC tag, an electronic tag, an inductive electronic chip, a proximity card, a contactless card, and the like. It is a technology that uses radio waves to achieve non-contact data access. It can connect the underlying database system through wireless communication and data access technology to form a large and connected system. The basic components of its system include RFID tags, RFID readers and antennas. The antenna is a device that receives or radiates radio signal power of a radio transceiver in the form of electromagnetic waves.
RFID System Workflow
The reader sends a radio frequency signal of a certain frequency through the transmitting antenna. When the radio frequency card enters the working area of ​​the transmitting antenna, an induced current is generated. The radio frequency card obtains energy and is activated. The radio frequency card transmits its own coding and other information through the built-in antenna in the card. The carrier signal received by the receiving antenna from the RF card is transmitted to the reader via the antenna regulator. The reader demodulates and decodes the received signal, and then sends it to the background main system for correlation processing. The main system is based on the logic operation. The validity of the card is determined, corresponding processing and control are performed for different settings, and an instruction signal is issued to control the action of the actuator.
RFID electronic label manufacturing process
The external look of the electronic tag may seem simple. In fact, the design and debugging are still relatively cumbersome. At present, it is not yet possible to form a one-step design. In particular, the design of the tag antenna and the further performance optimization after the chip is integrated must be repeated several times. It is also relatively numerous and various processes must also be strictly controlled in order for the finished product label to meet the design requirements and customer needs. So how do you use existing equipment to make RFID tags? Here are some ways to do this:
1. Wet embedding
In this workflow, an image is printed on the label face material and then the label base paper is peeled off. Pass the adhesive on the back of the label facestock. Wet inlays (known as wet inserts due to the in-line application of an adhesive and use a release liner) can be attached to the backside of the label facestock. Then laminate the label facestock to the backing paper. After die-cutting, winding, and waste disposal, RFID tag processing is completed.
2. Dry embedding
Dry embedding requires a very precise embedding system. In this workflow, the label image is first printed on the label facestock. Then peel off the label liner. Use a servo-driven cutting roller. The dry inlays (due to the absence of an overlying adhesive on the inlays, not the backing paper, are called dry inlays) are cut into individual inlays. Then stick the adhesive on the back of the label to the back of the label facestock. Finally, the label base material with the embedded label surface material and the secondary coated hot melt adhesive are laminated, and the RFID label is processed through die cutting, winding, and waste disposal. When the label surface material is laminated with the label base paper, the adhesive is cooled.
3. Check tape method
UHF RFID tags are generally manufactured using a tape-stick method. This method can directly print conductive ink on the back of the label face material, but there are two different forms.
(1) Label face material without adhesive as the main roll material
During tape bonding, the antenna needs to be printed on the back of the label facestock with conductive ink. However, conductive ink is difficult to print on the adhesive layer of the label. The solution is to separate the label surface material and the label bottom paper. At this point, there is no adhesive on the label surface material and conductive ink can be printed smoothly. Then use a glue head to apply a conductive adhesive to the back of the label facestock. At the same time, the tape taped tape was cut into individual pieces by a tape cutting roller controlled by a servo motor, and then pasted on a label face material coated with a conductive adhesive by means of a laminating roller. Next, the label face material is dried in a hot air drying tunnel to dry the previously applied conductive adhesive. At this point, a wide continuous hot melt adhesive applicator sprays the adhesive on the separate unwinding base paper, and then the base paper is laminated with the label surface material, followed by die-cutting, wind-up and discharge. Complete processing of RFID tags.
(2) Self-adhesive material as main roll material
In this process, the label image is first printed on the surface material of the self-adhesive label, and then the bottom paper is peeled off. At this point, the back of the label surface material is due to the adhesive layer, which is not conducive to the printing of the conductive ink. Therefore, a layer of primer is first applied to the adhesive layer and dried, and then the antenna is printed with conductive ink and dried. At this point, use the glue head to spray the conductive adhesive on the back side of the label face material to bind the tape. At the same time, tapes taped with tape are cut into individual pieces by a cutting roller controlled by a servo motor and then pasted on the label surface material coated with a conductive adhesive on the back side. Next, the label face material is dried in a hot air drying tunnel to dry the previously applied conductive adhesive. The peeled label base paper is coated with hot melt adhesive, laminated with the label surface material again, and finally undergoes die cutting, winding, and waste disposal to complete the processing of the RFID label.
RFID electronic label production process case
Taking Zhongshan Dahua Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd. as an example, a typical electronic tag production process flow diagram includes the following three main parts:
1) Various raw materials → composite antenna substrate → antenna design diagram + etching → antenna manufactured product;
2) Antenna manufactured product → Place IC chip → Welded chip → Interlayer packaging → Test count → Core finished product;
3) Core material made product + pattern design + system board + printing + double-sided adhesive → compound die-cutting → test and counting etc. → The final electronic label product will be obtained.
The Generation and Elimination of Electrostatic Discharge of RFID Electronic Labels
The quality of RFID tags on the market is now uneven, and many buyers can't use them. When they look at it, the circuit is broken. In fact, this kind of situation often occurs in the production of RFID electronic tags, mainly because the circuit of the tags is destroyed by static electricity in the printing process.
1, the generation of static electricity
In the printing process of RFID tags, static electricity often occurs. During printing, the static electricity is generally generated from the feed roller first, and then passes through a series of other sticks and devices, so that the static electricity accumulates more and eventually reaches the voltage that breaks down the tag circuit. Generally, in the label printing, there are two ways to generate static electricity: one is pressing and frictional electrification; the other is contact and separation of electrification.
1) Contact and separation of electricity
When solids of two different materials are contacted and separated in a short time, electron transfer easily occurs. In this way, the loss of electrons is positively charged and electrons are negatively charged. A contact potential difference occurs between the two materials at this time. When the label is printed, the printing material first enters the paper feeding section of the printing machine from the roll. When the printing press is running, the printing material and the equipment are constantly in contact and separated, and static electricity is generated at this time. The printing material is then tamped with fangs, quickly printed around the surface of the drum, and then peeled from the impression cylinder. The contact distance between the substrate and the impression cylinder abruptly increases, so that the original potential difference momentarily increases several tens of times, thereby accumulating a large amount of electrostatic charge. Generally, in a label printer, the highest potential difference of static electricity can reach 5000V to 1O000V. Normal objects are very sensitive to the voltage of 500V, and the circuit of the RFID tag is already relatively precise, so it is easily burned under the effect of static electricity.
2) Pressing and frictional electrification
As we all know, on the printing press, the label printing material rotates along with the drum through the paper suction nozzle, and the printing plate and the platen stage reciprocate and rely on the contact pressure between the roller and the printing plate to complete the graphic transfer. At the same time, the substrate is strongly pressed by the printing plate and the roller. In the state of high-speed operation, the plates, paper, rollers, inks, etc., are strongly rubbed against each other and static electricity is generated.
2. Elimination of static electricity
In order to prevent static electricity in RFID electronic label printing, the following methods can generally be used to remove static electricity in RFID label printing.
1) Install an active static eliminator to eliminate static charges on the surface of the substrate by high voltage discharge. This is the most effective method. However, passive static eliminators such as ropes cannot be installed. This will reduce the electrostatic voltage to a certain extent, but the voltage may flow through the substrate to the ground. In this case, the RFID circuit can be easily destroyed.
2) Install a constant temperature and humidity device in the printing shop. Doing so can keep the balance of temperature and humidity in the workshop. Under conditions of low temperature and high humidity, static electricity is not easily generated. This is only an auxiliary method.
3) Improve the electrical shock resistance of RFID circuits. This step should be taken into account when printing the circuit.
RFID electronic label printing
There is a big difference between RFID printing and traditional label printing. From the point of view of the definition of RFID, intelligence refers to radio frequency circuits composed of chips, antennas, etc., while labels are printed by the label printing process to enable commercialization of radio frequency circuits. From a printing point of view, the emergence of RFID will bring higher gold content to traditional label printing. The RFID chip layer can be packaged and printed with materials such as paper, PE, PET, and even textiles to make self-adhesive stickers, paper cards, tags, or other types of tags. The chip is the key to RFID and is determined by its special structure. Can not withstand the pressure of the printing press, so, in addition to inkjet printing, it is generally used to print the surface layer, and then with the chip layer composite, die-cutting process. The antenna includes etching, coil winding, and printed antenna. Among them, RFID conductive ink printed antenna is a new technology developed in recent years.
1) Printing method of antenna
The printed antenna is printed directly on the insulating substrate with conductive ink to form conductive lines to form an antenna and a circuit, which is also called additive method. The main printing methods have expanded from screen printing to offset printing, flexographic printing, gravure printing, etc. The more mature production processes are screen printing and gravure printing. The advancement of printing technology and its further application in the manufacture of RFID antennas have reduced the production costs of RFID tags, thereby promoting the application of RFID electronic tags.
2) Screen Printing RFID Tags
RFID printing is primarily based on screen printing. In smart label printing, conductive ink is used, and a screen with better conductive ink is a nickel foil perforated screen. It is a kind of high-tech silk screen, instead of a wire mesh woven from general metal or nylon. It is a foil mesh drilled from nickel foil. The mesh is hexagonal and can also be made by electrolytic forming. Hole shape. The entire mesh surface is even and thin, which can greatly improve the stability and precision of imprinting. It is used to print high-tech products such as conductive inks, wafers, and integrated circuits. The effect is good, and the circuit line interval of 0.1 mm can be distinguished, and the positioning accuracy can be Up to 0.01mm. It is also possible to select a solvent screen printing of 61-100 T/mm silk screen, and print the conductive ink and dry it at 60°C.
3) Offset Printing RFID Tags
Offset printing is the most common method of application. Its printing materials are extensive, fast and efficient. Offset printing has advantages of efficiency, precision, and resolution in coil printing, but offset ink film thickness is small and does not meet line printing requirements. Of course, this can be accomplished by repeated printing multiple times, but this poses new challenges for fine line register control. Newer, more conductive inks can also achieve the required impedance performance at lower thicknesses. .
4) Flexo Printing RFID Tags
Flexographic printing is a direct printing method. It uses a flexible photosensitive resin plate of 1 to 5 mm in thickness and is printed on a web, which is fast and efficient. The viscosity of the ink is between 0.01 and 0.1 Pa.s. Water-based inks, solvent-based inks, and UV-curable inks can be used. However, flexographic resolution is low, usually about 60L/cm, fine printing up to 80L/cm, ink film thickness of 6 ~ 8μm, suitable for antenna printing requirements.
With the development of thin-plate technology, the resolution and printing accuracy of flexographic printing have also increased. The inadequacies are: the imprint appears on the edge of the imprint, which is caused by the deformation of the imprint caused by the pressure of the printing process. The appearance of imprints makes the edge of the line imprinted irregularly, which affects the accuracy of the ink adhesion and the impedance of the line, making it easy to produce waste products.
5) Gravure Printing RFID Tag
The gravure printing is resistant to printing force, and the printing materials are extensive. The ink has a viscosity of about 10 to 50 mPa.s, mainly using a solvent type ink. The resolution is related to the engraving of the reticulate cavities, laser engraved up to 1000 L/cm, and the thickness of the ink film is between 8 and 12 μm. However, due to its high printing pressure, there are difficulties in RFID antenna printing.
6) Inkjet Printing RFID Tags
Inkjet printing is the fastest growing printing method in recent years, and its versatility is incomparable with other printing methods. This pressureless method can spray digital information from a computer directly onto any shape of material. The ink system is relatively complex, and the ink used can be water-based, hot-melt, or UV-curable with a viscosity of about 10 mPa.s. However, there is a deviation in the position of ink jet printing, and small ink droplets that affect the printing quality will appear in the blank portion, resulting in an edge effect.
7) Integrated Printing RFID Tag Method
A wireless tag (RFID tag) antenna pattern is produced using a combination of printing technology and gold plating. No etching is used, which means that the material can be cut off and the wireless tag antenna can be produced at a lower cost.
The manufacturing process of the wireless tag antenna is as follows:
1) First, use water-soluble special ink, use printing technology or ink-jet technology, draw the antenna pattern on the flexible bottom plate that adopts PET and other methods to form the antenna pattern;
2) Then put the flexible bottom plate into the bath and plate it with copper. After the above process, a copper film can be formed on the wiring pattern drawn with the special ink. The special ink used herein refers to a solution prepared by dissolving two kinds of metals into water of a particle size of tens of nanometers and then dissolving in water.
This method does not etch the copper foil, ie the "subtractive" process, but merely places the material on the base plate and is therefore often referred to as an "additive" method. In addition, the copper wiring itself is formed using electroplating technology and does not require high-temperature sintering such as heat treatment. Therefore, a low heat-resistant flexible floor material can be used. The resistance between the two ends of the antenna is less than 0.4Ω. Although it is very large in terms of block copper, there is no problem as a wireless tag antenna. For the processing accuracy of the wiring, a printing technique is used in the initial process, and a wiring interval of 80 μm can be realized. However, the inkjet technology has droplets, so the accuracy is slightly reduced, and the wiring spacing is slightly wider.
RFID printing is not only a category of label printing but also a type of circuit printing. The production process has strict requirements for printing, the printing position should be precise, and the strict ink adhesion amount, such as the thickness of the conductive paste film and the number of conductive particles, must be strictly controlled, and the resolution of printing should be considered. Selecting the printing process can be comprehensively considered in terms of the size of the printing, the surface properties of the printing material, the adhesion properties of the ink or the printing material, the cost, and the characteristics of the process. For the printing industry, RFID technology can be used to produce RFID antennas. This brings new opportunities for the printing industry.
RFID System Workflow
The reader sends a radio frequency signal of a certain frequency through the transmitting antenna. When the radio frequency card enters the working area of ​​the transmitting antenna, an induced current is generated. The radio frequency card obtains energy and is activated. The radio frequency card transmits its own coding and other information through the built-in antenna in the card. The carrier signal received by the receiving antenna from the RF card is transmitted to the reader via the antenna regulator. The reader demodulates and decodes the received signal, and then sends it to the background main system for correlation processing. The main system is based on the logic operation. The validity of the card is determined, corresponding processing and control are performed for different settings, and an instruction signal is issued to control the action of the actuator.
RFID electronic label manufacturing process
The external look of the electronic tag may seem simple. In fact, the design and debugging are still relatively cumbersome. At present, it is not yet possible to form a one-step design. In particular, the design of the tag antenna and the further performance optimization after the chip is integrated must be repeated several times. It is also relatively numerous and various processes must also be strictly controlled in order for the finished product label to meet the design requirements and customer needs. So how do you use existing equipment to make RFID tags? Here are some ways to do this:
1. Wet embedding
In this workflow, an image is printed on the label face material and then the label base paper is peeled off. Pass the adhesive on the back of the label facestock. Wet inlays (known as wet inserts due to the in-line application of an adhesive and use a release liner) can be attached to the backside of the label facestock. Then laminate the label facestock to the backing paper. After die-cutting, winding, and waste disposal, RFID tag processing is completed.
2. Dry embedding
Dry embedding requires a very precise embedding system. In this workflow, the label image is first printed on the label facestock. Then peel off the label liner. Use a servo-driven cutting roller. The dry inlays (due to the absence of an overlying adhesive on the inlays, not the backing paper, are called dry inlays) are cut into individual inlays. Then stick the adhesive on the back of the label to the back of the label facestock. Finally, the label base material with the embedded label surface material and the secondary coated hot melt adhesive are laminated, and the RFID label is processed through die cutting, winding, and waste disposal. When the label surface material is laminated with the label base paper, the adhesive is cooled.
3. Check tape method
UHF RFID tags are generally manufactured using a tape-stick method. This method can directly print conductive ink on the back of the label face material, but there are two different forms.
(1) Label face material without adhesive as the main roll material
During tape bonding, the antenna needs to be printed on the back of the label facestock with conductive ink. However, conductive ink is difficult to print on the adhesive layer of the label. The solution is to separate the label surface material and the label bottom paper. At this point, there is no adhesive on the label surface material and conductive ink can be printed smoothly. Then use a glue head to apply a conductive adhesive to the back of the label facestock. At the same time, the tape taped tape was cut into individual pieces by a tape cutting roller controlled by a servo motor, and then pasted on a label face material coated with a conductive adhesive by means of a laminating roller. Next, the label face material is dried in a hot air drying tunnel to dry the previously applied conductive adhesive. At this point, a wide continuous hot melt adhesive applicator sprays the adhesive on the separate unwinding base paper, and then the base paper is laminated with the label surface material, followed by die-cutting, wind-up and discharge. Complete processing of RFID tags.
(2) Self-adhesive material as main roll material
In this process, the label image is first printed on the surface material of the self-adhesive label, and then the bottom paper is peeled off. At this point, the back of the label surface material is due to the adhesive layer, which is not conducive to the printing of the conductive ink. Therefore, a layer of primer is first applied to the adhesive layer and dried, and then the antenna is printed with conductive ink and dried. At this point, use the glue head to spray the conductive adhesive on the back side of the label face material to bind the tape. At the same time, tapes taped with tape are cut into individual pieces by a cutting roller controlled by a servo motor and then pasted on the label surface material coated with a conductive adhesive on the back side. Next, the label face material is dried in a hot air drying tunnel to dry the previously applied conductive adhesive. The peeled label base paper is coated with hot melt adhesive, laminated with the label surface material again, and finally undergoes die cutting, winding, and waste disposal to complete the processing of the RFID label.
RFID electronic label production process case
Taking Zhongshan Dahua Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd. as an example, a typical electronic tag production process flow diagram includes the following three main parts:
1) Various raw materials → composite antenna substrate → antenna design diagram + etching → antenna manufactured product;
2) Antenna manufactured product → Place IC chip → Welded chip → Interlayer packaging → Test count → Core finished product;
3) Core material made product + pattern design + system board + printing + double-sided adhesive → compound die-cutting → test and counting etc. → The final electronic label product will be obtained.
The Generation and Elimination of Electrostatic Discharge of RFID Electronic Labels
The quality of RFID tags on the market is now uneven, and many buyers can't use them. When they look at it, the circuit is broken. In fact, this kind of situation often occurs in the production of RFID electronic tags, mainly because the circuit of the tags is destroyed by static electricity in the printing process.
1, the generation of static electricity
In the printing process of RFID tags, static electricity often occurs. During printing, the static electricity is generally generated from the feed roller first, and then passes through a series of other sticks and devices, so that the static electricity accumulates more and eventually reaches the voltage that breaks down the tag circuit. Generally, in the label printing, there are two ways to generate static electricity: one is pressing and frictional electrification; the other is contact and separation of electrification.
1) Contact and separation of electricity
When solids of two different materials are contacted and separated in a short time, electron transfer easily occurs. In this way, the loss of electrons is positively charged and electrons are negatively charged. A contact potential difference occurs between the two materials at this time. When the label is printed, the printing material first enters the paper feeding section of the printing machine from the roll. When the printing press is running, the printing material and the equipment are constantly in contact and separated, and static electricity is generated at this time. The printing material is then tamped with fangs, quickly printed around the surface of the drum, and then peeled from the impression cylinder. The contact distance between the substrate and the impression cylinder abruptly increases, so that the original potential difference momentarily increases several tens of times, thereby accumulating a large amount of electrostatic charge. Generally, in a label printer, the highest potential difference of static electricity can reach 5000V to 1O000V. Normal objects are very sensitive to the voltage of 500V, and the circuit of the RFID tag is already relatively precise, so it is easily burned under the effect of static electricity.
2) Pressing and frictional electrification
As we all know, on the printing press, the label printing material rotates along with the drum through the paper suction nozzle, and the printing plate and the platen stage reciprocate and rely on the contact pressure between the roller and the printing plate to complete the graphic transfer. At the same time, the substrate is strongly pressed by the printing plate and the roller. In the state of high-speed operation, the plates, paper, rollers, inks, etc., are strongly rubbed against each other and static electricity is generated.
2. Elimination of static electricity
In order to prevent static electricity in RFID electronic label printing, the following methods can generally be used to remove static electricity in RFID label printing.
1) Install an active static eliminator to eliminate static charges on the surface of the substrate by high voltage discharge. This is the most effective method. However, passive static eliminators such as ropes cannot be installed. This will reduce the electrostatic voltage to a certain extent, but the voltage may flow through the substrate to the ground. In this case, the RFID circuit can be easily destroyed.
2) Install a constant temperature and humidity device in the printing shop. Doing so can keep the balance of temperature and humidity in the workshop. Under conditions of low temperature and high humidity, static electricity is not easily generated. This is only an auxiliary method.
3) Improve the electrical shock resistance of RFID circuits. This step should be taken into account when printing the circuit.
RFID electronic label printing
There is a big difference between RFID printing and traditional label printing. From the point of view of the definition of RFID, intelligence refers to radio frequency circuits composed of chips, antennas, etc., while labels are printed by the label printing process to enable commercialization of radio frequency circuits. From a printing point of view, the emergence of RFID will bring higher gold content to traditional label printing. The RFID chip layer can be packaged and printed with materials such as paper, PE, PET, and even textiles to make self-adhesive stickers, paper cards, tags, or other types of tags. The chip is the key to RFID and is determined by its special structure. Can not withstand the pressure of the printing press, so, in addition to inkjet printing, it is generally used to print the surface layer, and then with the chip layer composite, die-cutting process. The antenna includes etching, coil winding, and printed antenna. Among them, RFID conductive ink printed antenna is a new technology developed in recent years.
1) Printing method of antenna
The printed antenna is printed directly on the insulating substrate with conductive ink to form conductive lines to form an antenna and a circuit, which is also called additive method. The main printing methods have expanded from screen printing to offset printing, flexographic printing, gravure printing, etc. The more mature production processes are screen printing and gravure printing. The advancement of printing technology and its further application in the manufacture of RFID antennas have reduced the production costs of RFID tags, thereby promoting the application of RFID electronic tags.
2) Screen Printing RFID Tags
RFID printing is primarily based on screen printing. In smart label printing, conductive ink is used, and a screen with better conductive ink is a nickel foil perforated screen. It is a kind of high-tech silk screen, instead of a wire mesh woven from general metal or nylon. It is a foil mesh drilled from nickel foil. The mesh is hexagonal and can also be made by electrolytic forming. Hole shape. The entire mesh surface is even and thin, which can greatly improve the stability and precision of imprinting. It is used to print high-tech products such as conductive inks, wafers, and integrated circuits. The effect is good, and the circuit line interval of 0.1 mm can be distinguished, and the positioning accuracy can be Up to 0.01mm. It is also possible to select a solvent screen printing of 61-100 T/mm silk screen, and print the conductive ink and dry it at 60°C.
3) Offset Printing RFID Tags
Offset printing is the most common method of application. Its printing materials are extensive, fast and efficient. Offset printing has advantages of efficiency, precision, and resolution in coil printing, but offset ink film thickness is small and does not meet line printing requirements. Of course, this can be accomplished by repeated printing multiple times, but this poses new challenges for fine line register control. Newer, more conductive inks can also achieve the required impedance performance at lower thicknesses. .
4) Flexo Printing RFID Tags
Flexographic printing is a direct printing method. It uses a flexible photosensitive resin plate of 1 to 5 mm in thickness and is printed on a web, which is fast and efficient. The viscosity of the ink is between 0.01 and 0.1 Pa.s. Water-based inks, solvent-based inks, and UV-curable inks can be used. However, flexographic resolution is low, usually about 60L/cm, fine printing up to 80L/cm, ink film thickness of 6 ~ 8μm, suitable for antenna printing requirements.
With the development of thin-plate technology, the resolution and printing accuracy of flexographic printing have also increased. The inadequacies are: the imprint appears on the edge of the imprint, which is caused by the deformation of the imprint caused by the pressure of the printing process. The appearance of imprints makes the edge of the line imprinted irregularly, which affects the accuracy of the ink adhesion and the impedance of the line, making it easy to produce waste products.
5) Gravure Printing RFID Tag
The gravure printing is resistant to printing force, and the printing materials are extensive. The ink has a viscosity of about 10 to 50 mPa.s, mainly using a solvent type ink. The resolution is related to the engraving of the reticulate cavities, laser engraved up to 1000 L/cm, and the thickness of the ink film is between 8 and 12 μm. However, due to its high printing pressure, there are difficulties in RFID antenna printing.
6) Inkjet Printing RFID Tags
Inkjet printing is the fastest growing printing method in recent years, and its versatility is incomparable with other printing methods. This pressureless method can spray digital information from a computer directly onto any shape of material. The ink system is relatively complex, and the ink used can be water-based, hot-melt, or UV-curable with a viscosity of about 10 mPa.s. However, there is a deviation in the position of ink jet printing, and small ink droplets that affect the printing quality will appear in the blank portion, resulting in an edge effect.
7) Integrated Printing RFID Tag Method
A wireless tag (RFID tag) antenna pattern is produced using a combination of printing technology and gold plating. No etching is used, which means that the material can be cut off and the wireless tag antenna can be produced at a lower cost.
The manufacturing process of the wireless tag antenna is as follows:
1) First, use water-soluble special ink, use printing technology or ink-jet technology, draw the antenna pattern on the flexible bottom plate that adopts PET and other methods to form the antenna pattern;
2) Then put the flexible bottom plate into the bath and plate it with copper. After the above process, a copper film can be formed on the wiring pattern drawn with the special ink. The special ink used herein refers to a solution prepared by dissolving two kinds of metals into water of a particle size of tens of nanometers and then dissolving in water.
This method does not etch the copper foil, ie the "subtractive" process, but merely places the material on the base plate and is therefore often referred to as an "additive" method. In addition, the copper wiring itself is formed using electroplating technology and does not require high-temperature sintering such as heat treatment. Therefore, a low heat-resistant flexible floor material can be used. The resistance between the two ends of the antenna is less than 0.4Ω. Although it is very large in terms of block copper, there is no problem as a wireless tag antenna. For the processing accuracy of the wiring, a printing technique is used in the initial process, and a wiring interval of 80 μm can be realized. However, the inkjet technology has droplets, so the accuracy is slightly reduced, and the wiring spacing is slightly wider.
RFID printing is not only a category of label printing but also a type of circuit printing. The production process has strict requirements for printing, the printing position should be precise, and the strict ink adhesion amount, such as the thickness of the conductive paste film and the number of conductive particles, must be strictly controlled, and the resolution of printing should be considered. Selecting the printing process can be comprehensively considered in terms of the size of the printing, the surface properties of the printing material, the adhesion properties of the ink or the printing material, the cost, and the characteristics of the process. For the printing industry, RFID technology can be used to produce RFID antennas. This brings new opportunities for the printing industry.
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