Screen printing technology is not only a printing technology, it is also a commonly used industrial technology. To improve the product quality of small screen printing companies, we must understand the characteristics of screen printing, recognize the nature of screen printing, and screen printing. In addition to the larger-scale enterprises in the fields of packaging, circuit boards, and printing, small-scale and scattered can be said to be one of the characteristics of the industry. If the industry pursues scale in the application industry, from a market-oriented point of view, it will inevitably diversify products to obtain greater market share to suppress higher and higher operating costs. Product diversification For small screen printing companies with few people and little accumulated professional experience, it will increase difficulties in quality control and even cause the quality management work to get out of control.
Managers of small screen printing companies have such annoyance that quality control has become the most troublesome issue in the production process. Some products are always reworked, and these returning jobs even account for a certain percentage. Managers often feel tired and exhausted, and their business goals become blurred in front of them. The author believes that most of these companies are companies that produce diversified products, and what businesses do business. Business can operate, but do not do it, do not pass through, if the customer requires a quality index of 100, it can only do 95, 5 points is the difference between amateur and professional. Small-scale screen printing companies must take the path of specialization in order to get a prosperous business. The reader is reminded that the specialization mentioned here is not the product specialization but the production of the same product with little change in the parameters of the production process. Many companies that have developed to a certain scale have followed this principle. For example, the Beijing Michelangelo Company has only done UV screening of screen printing, earning millions of dollars each year. The company’s development strategy should be to diversify a product after it has been done by a professional. Diversified products also need to consider whether previous production experience can be replicated, and if it involves knowledge and technology in another area, care must be taken. The above explains the business strategy of screen printing companies. It does not seem to have much to do with quality management. In reality, the quality management strategy is subordinate to the business strategy. If every production is a trial of a new product, then it is only suitable for research and development. In the department's laboratories, not in the highly competitive market. Of course, there are also screen printing companies that do flat and curved surfaces, big and small ones, and get some development. However, due to the difficulties in quality management, customer complaints and complaints have become commonplace. Development has always been staggered, like a drunkard, the quality of life is not high, does not meet the modern people want to make money but also happy life concept.
For screen printing companies, taking the path of professional development is the key to solving the problem of product variety stability. Each product has its own screen printing process, and quality management is the control process of the process. The means of quality management is inspection, and inspection must have quality standards. Here, there is a problem that the standard draws on. With the development of screen printing technology and the maturity of the market, customers have higher and higher requirements on product quality, and product quality standards are not a static thing. It is rising along with the requirements of customers. The quality standard is based on competitors. , or with reference to industry leaders, this also depends on the company's strategy. Of course, the quality of screen printing products is not necessarily the higher the better, the higher the quality, the higher the cost, which means a higher scrap rate and defective product rate.
The quality control of screen printing companies should be a process, rather than a later inspection of the production process, because it has not achieved the purpose of control. For large and small screen printing companies, the quality inspection process must be integrated into the production process. The specific method of operation is: standardize the production process as much as possible, implement data, find the reasons that affect the quality of screen printing, and establish a “quality gate†in the process. Such as film quality inspection, plate process control, ink parameter control. Quality inspectors need to be proficient in screen printing professionals to be qualified. In small businesses, production supervisors must have a sense of quality in "eggs picking up bones," and if necessary, they must exercise the power to issue tickets.
Each type of screen printing product has its own production process, and has its own quality control technology. Most of these are the operating technologies accumulated in practice. It is actually a specialized thing, such as the use of low-viscosity adhesive when printing membrane switches. The rollers remove fine dust particles that fall on the surface of the print. Compared with foreign photosensitive adhesives, domestic photosensitive adhesives have the same raw materials, and the gap may be related to the additives. The accumulated professional and technical experience of the enterprise is one of the cornerstones of building a company's core competitiveness.
Screen printing process compared with other printing processes, many parameters are still more difficult to control.
In the screen printing industry, those who produce extremely fine and exquisite products are called masters, and other companies call them technicians. Whether it is manual, semi-automatic or fully automatic operation, the human factor is always the first. Offset printing is completed from the first sheet to the last sheet, the parameters in the process change very little, and screen printing is different. The parameters in the screen printing process have been changing, such as the screen tension, screen deformation, and blade blunt. Therefore, although entering the screen printing industry, although the threshold is low, it takes more hard work to do fine work. In the screen printing factory, the quality and technical level of screen printing operators are very important. Training workers have become a necessary link for large and small screen printing factories to improve production quality. Do not mistakenly believe that managers have quality consciousness and are picky. Vision will be a good product, the speed of leadership is not the speed of the enterprise, the product is ultimately produced in the hands of the workers, only the workers have a sense of responsibility, coupled with scientific quality control strategy, will produce a product with market competitiveness .
1 has absolute whiteness, that is, it is completely non-absorbable for various types of light. In this way, high image contrast can be printed. In addition, light can be prevented from entering the paper near the dot, and is absorbed by the dot from the inside of the paper, resulting in unnecessary optical dot gain.
In fact, paper with absolute whiteness does not exist at all, and none of the papers can completely absorb external light. In the printing process design engineering, what we need to do is to select as much whiteness as possible within the allowable cost range (except for products with special process requirements, of course) in order to meet the requirements for image reproduction in order to achieve richer level.
2 has a good gloss. Similar to the above, but the difference is that the gloss is not as great as possible, too much glossiness hinders the normal reading of printed matter.
3 smoothness. The smoothness of the paper refers to the roughness of the paper surface, and the ideal paper surface smoothness should be at least 500 seconds or more. If the smoothness of the paper during printing is too low, the high-profile dots will be easily lost, the low-key dots will be merged, and the real part will be empty.
• Also for the consideration of printing costs (sometimes due to the special effects of printed materials, such as textured paper), it is not possible to use high-quality, high-smoothness paper for each type of print. When encountering paper with low smoothness, the number of printing screens should be appropriately reduced during the process design, and the printing pressure should be increased during the printing process to make up for the surface smoothness of the paper.
4 has a neutral pH. Acidic paper can cause the ink to be unable to dry in the printing process. This can lead to over-emulsification of the ink in the printing process. As a result, a series of quality problems may occur in the printed product, such as blemishes of the printed material, blurring of the edges of the dots, and enlargement of dots. Deformation and other issues. When the pH value of the paper itself is alkaline, it reacts with a large number of pigments of the ink, which causes the printed product to fade after the printing is completed. This phenomenon is particularly evident in the printing of gold and silver inks.
· In the choice of paper, try to choose a paper that is near neutral, but if the paper has been selected, PH value has been determined, we must pass the pH of the dampening solution to the pH of the paper during the printing process. Make some degree of compensation. The general effect is also more obvious.
5 paper shape stability. The ideal paper should not be deformed, either under the influence of the printing pressure or under the dampening of the fountain solution. This ensures overprinting during the printing process and avoids a series of problems due to paper deformation.
• What we need to do is not to select paper that is not deformed at all, but to make trade-offs in the cost of the process and the highly stable paper. Such as the printing of newspapers, due to the low requirements and quality requirements are not very high, so when the choice of paper, stability is not very important, and newsprint can be accepted. For printing such as maps and other printed matter, we must choose papers with good stability to avoid overprinting problems caused by paper deformation and changes in the finished product size.
6 paper surface strength. The ideal paper requires no stripping and lint-free during the printing process, avoiding the wear of the printing plate due to this, and the reduction of image quality due to the adhesion on the blanket, printing plate, and ink roller.
· The paper we use in the printing process will generally fall off more or less during the printing process. In addition to selecting the paper before printing, we must judge the surface strength of the substrate and clean it in time during the printing process. Foreign material such as paper powder on the plate and blanket.
7 paper silk. The ideal paper is no silk direction, and the strength of the paper is large enough. However, as long as the cost is taken into consideration, we must not use paper with a lot of direction. In the printing, we must pay attention to the direction of the paper and the direction of the printer's paper, which can greatly improve the level of overprint.
(2) Ink.
Due to the nature of offset printing (need to print with the participation of water, the printing plate and the blank are almost on the same plane), the offset ink must have good water resistance, good adhesion, elasticity, and very good touch. transsexual.
1 water resistance. For smooth printing, it is necessary to select inks with good water resistance, but unlike other conditions, the water resistance of offset inks is not as strong as possible. Completely water-repellent offset inks cannot be printed on the machine. This is due to the fact that during the ink transfer process, water that has reached the ink path due to the high-speed shearing of the printing press will inevitably be encountered. When the oil and water are completely incapacitated, the normal ink transfer will be hindered.
· In printing, in order to ensure the ink's water resistance, we add additives (desiccant, remover, varnish, anti-fouling agent, etc.) to the ink to avoid reducing the cohesion of the ink, and in some cases According to the situation, a tackifier is added to the ink to restore the cohesion of the ink so as to restore the ink's water resistance. At the same time, the ink in the ink path and the ink fountain should be regularly cleaned to prevent the use of the residual ink on the machine and affect the water resistance.
2 sticky and elastic. Good adhesion is the premise to ensure that the ink can be properly transferred and transferred; and the ink's elasticity can ensure that the ink can quickly recover and level after transferring to the surface of the substrate. Good elasticity is the prerequisite for ensuring the smoothness of the surface of the printing dot.
• As mentioned above, except that good quality inks are selected, what we do in printing is to maintain the properties of inks. Many additives are added as mentioned above to minimize the ink properties due to human operations The change. Also pay attention to the control of the wetting fluid (discussed in detail in the process).
Thixotropic. The ink used in offset printing must have good thixotropy, that is, the fluidity increases under the action of the mechanical shear force when the ink passes out of the ink fountain, and the mechanical force when the ink is transferred from the surface of the blanket to the surface of the substrate. The disappearance of ink, the rapid decline in the flow of ink, began with the penetration of the binder in the ink on the surface of the substrate together to promote the initial curing of the ink. This process is very important for multi-color printing, can greatly affect the multi-color machine's overprint effect.
• Choosing a good thixotropic ink is very important for printing.
4 ink transparency. Offset printing ink
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