Xinhua Daily has been in full-color publishing and printing since the end of 1997 and has four years of experience. In the past four years, we have widely adopted the printing experience of Brother Newspaper through the "going out and introducing" method; at the same time, we have summed up the experience based on our own characteristics, and gradually formed a set of process guarantees, management, key points, rewards and penalties. The system's comprehensive management system. Over the past few years, with the care of the newspaper leaders and the efforts of all colleagues, the printing quality of Xinhua Daily has steadily improved, and it has been well received by the provincial party committee leaders, newspaper leaders and readers. Last year, Xinhua Daily was rated as a "quality newspaper" by the China Press Association. In the first three quarters of this year, it ranked among the best in the quality evaluation of the Chinese Press Association.
Looking back, the above achievements of Xinhua Daily's printing quality are inseparable from the increasingly perfect management system, especially the two aspects of administrative management and process management.
Three experiences of administration
1. The final printing effect of the color newspaper depends on many aspects. The leaders of the printing center organize regular or irregular meetings to hold a one-stop conference on the quality of color newspapers. They immediately sum up the printing of color newspapers within a period of time and select representative quality issues for special discussions. After intensive discussion, identify the problem and cut down the responsibility clearly; after the meeting, the quality inspection department is instructed to urge all departments to immediately improve the existing problems.
2. Strengthen the functional management of the quality inspection department. On the one hand, the quality inspection department conducts a sample inspection of the work of each department according to the requirements of the Printing Center, quantifies the completion of the tasks of each department, and closely links the evaluation results with the bonuses of each department; On the one hand, if the quality inspection department finds major quality problems during the daily sample report, it immediately calls various departments to meet, analyzes the problem on the spot, traces the cause, finds the responsible person and takes immediate action.
3. Each workshop has a complete assessment management system. In particular, the offset printing workshop has undergone tremendous changes since the merger of workshops in 1999. Workshop management is strict, bold and orderly. As early as 1999, as soon as the workshop was merged, the system of "fixing people and setting posts, competing for posts" was launched in other departments of the newspaper, and then the "quality assessment" system, "machine maintenance" system, and "cost saving" system of each machine were successively implemented. In the usual management, the workshop leaders can think of the machine and the leaders in a hurry, and constantly implement every job.
Five aspects of process management
1. Whether the color pictures and colors are restored well
The quality of a color newspaper depends largely on the quality of the color pictures. The pictures used in newspapers come from a wide range of sources. Xinhua News Agency ’s indoor pictures tend to be color-shifted. The accuracy of pictures collected on the Internet and TV is poor. The quality of pictures varies greatly. Scanning technology to achieve good newspaper viewing has become a key factor. First, adjust the parameters in Photoshop before scanning, calibrate the screen (RGB device), and make it as close as possible to the actual printed picture. This should be determined according to the monitor and the scene light. The parameter is set to: gamma 0.8 , 5500 degrees white (D55), trinitron. Ink settings play a crucial role in the saturation and distortion of colors when pictures scanned with RGB are converted to CMYK. The ink settings (CMYK equipment) are: dot expansion standard 32% (newspaper), color separation type GCR, black ink volume 100%, UCA volume 0%.
When scanning, we must first determine that the black field and the folding screen of this picture are mainly news pictures, and the news pictures are mainly characters, so the treatment of the skin color of the characters directly affects the quality of a picture. Good or bad, people's skin color is ever-changing, but there are certain rules, that is, the skin color of Asians is yellow, so the skin color of Asians is 5% -10% more than magenta. The proportion of black in the black part of the picture should be greater than that of the other three colors, and the black in the darkest part should be greater than 85%, so that the black in the printed picture will not be blue and red. The white part of the picture can be turned into a net, so that a picture looks energetic and does not give a gray feeling.
The sharpening of the picture is also very important. We choose USM sharpening. The sharpening parameters are generally selected: the number is 100% -200%, the radius is 1-2 pixels, and the net value is 0-11 color price. Also, if the manuscript is a second draft, because the second draft itself has dots, we have to go to the dots first when processing, first use the line drawing method, and the line drawing method cannot completely remove the dots and then use the blur law.
For the production of newspaper eyebrows, Xinhua Daily has 10 layouts A, B, and C every day. In addition to A1, B1, and C1, there is a gradual color bar above the other layouts. The color bar is composed of a 100% cyan gradient and a 50% magenta gradient. The effect of making this standard color bar has the following three: â‘ In theory, as long as the color staff who prints the ink adjusts the color bar of the day to close to the standard color bar, the photo below the color bar needs green 1. The amount of magenta ink is in place. At this time, the main color of the photo can be determined, and then the yellow can be adjusted to the appropriate sample. â‘¡ When adjusting the exposure time and developer concentration, the printing personnel can determine the exposure time and developer concentration according to the fact that the dots of 3% -5% of the highlights in the color bar are aligned. â‘¢ Scanners can compare the difference between the effect in the picture below and the original according to the sample report of the printing staff when the color bar is adjusted to the standard color on the day, and reflect on their own processing of R, G in the picture 2. Whether there is any need for further improvement in the B curve parameters, which can provide a reference basis for scanning similar pictures in the future.
2. Whether the text portion of the color newsletter is even, the layout is lithographic
In order to ensure that the ink content of the text part of the color newspaper is uniform and the layout is smooth, we require the operator to proceed from the following three aspects: â‘ Ensure that the text is clear and the density is uniform when the film is exposed. â‘¡ During plate-making, ensure that the PS plate has clear text, uniform density and smooth layout after exposure and development. When the printing plate is not well-inhaled during printing, or the dirt is adsorbed on the table paper, it will be re-exposed if the prepared PS plate is not qualified. â‘¢In the printing process, first ensure that the pressure of the cylinder is uniform and the elasticity of the blanket is good. At the same time, the amount of ink is required to be moderate. The density of the printed newspaper text is 1.8-2.2, and the solid density is above 3.0.
3. Whether the registration of the color newspaper reaches the specified accuracy
There are many factors that affect the accuracy of the registration of color newspapers: the film itself, imposition, punching, printing, bending, mounting, the printing machine itself, and so on. Taking into account the above influencing factors, we require that the registration accuracy error of the assembled film should be less than 0.1 mm, and the registration accuracy of the final printed newspaper should be kept at about 1 line, and no more than 2 lines at most. Scrap disposal.
4. Whether the water-ink balance of color newspapers is in the best state during printing
Maintaining the best water-ink balance in the printing process of color newspapers is essential for printing color newspapers. This can make the printed color newspapers have bright colors and good gloss. It is easy to achieve the most beautiful water and ink printing. Color newspaper. On the contrary, if this problem is ignored, the unrestricted amount of water in the printing process will cause great harm, such as causing ink emulsification, making the printed newspaper title gray, the photo dark, and the picture and text; too large The amount of water will cause the viscosity of the ink to drop sharply, resulting in scumming or ink sticks to be transferred into the water hopper, and then flow back into the water tank. After a long time, flocculent ink particles appear in the water tank.
5. Influence of equipment maintenance and maintenance on printing quality
To achieve the best water-ink balance in printing, in addition to requiring the printing operator to have a strong sense of responsibility when setting up the machine, it is also inseparable from the usual equipment maintenance and maintenance. In production practice, equipment maintenance and maintenance have a great influence on the ink-water balance value in printing and even the printing quality of the entire color newspaper. Therefore, in the usual production management, we often check the maintenance and maintenance of the machine by the parameters of the water and ink parallel during the printing process. The operator is usually required to start from the following six aspects: â‘ After printing the newspaper of the day, Clean all the water glue and ink glue of the machine.
②Wash all water and ink fountains once a week. ③ Regularly check the pressure of the water glue ink, especially when changing the season, you must check the pressure of all glues. If you find that the pressure does not match the specified pressure value, you should adjust it to the specified value immediately. ④Immediately eliminate and solve the problems related to equipment reflected in the usual newspapers. ⑤ Regularly measure the concentration of dampening water in the water tank. It is required that the conductivity value and pH value of dampening water meet the standard at the same time (PH value is generally 4.8-5.3). ⑥ Regularly clean the water tank, inlet pipe and return pipe, and remove the dirty blocks among them to prevent the water bucket from being blocked in the return bucket again.
These are some of the experiences that Xinhua Daily Printing Factory has gained in improving the printing quality of newspapers. We are still far away from the standardization and dataization of standard quality management. In the future, we will learn more from Brother Newspaper in terms of technical management and management experience, and push our color newspaper quality to a higher level.
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