1 The foreign library resource sharing profile benefits from the rapid development of information technology. The unprecedented change of the library environment is the vast amount of information resources that make the library incomprehensible, and the expensive electronic resources make it catch up; the other is deepening and deepening. The diversity of user needs highlights the disadvantages of insufficient resources. Therefore, only by realizing the sharing of resources, the library can satisfy the information demand with high benefit. The effective sharing form is the library alliance. The United States is the first country to have a library alliance. As early as 1933, the University of North Carolina's university library formed the 1+1.1.1 network of the Corner Research Library. Tu, 1; This is the world's first university library alliance. Subsequently, Europe, the United States and other countries and regions have followed suit and started the practice of the library alliance. In the 1990s, the article issued by the state said that the number and scale of the library alliance reached The critical quantity. In the United Kingdom, the library alliance of this day has also sprung up, making its information capital texts the National Philosophy and Social Science Fund Project Network Age China Library Information Resources Co-construction and Sharing Model Research Project No. 06; With fruitful development, in other developed countries in Europe, the resource sharing practice in the form of alliances has also achieved a good road to resource sharing suitable for their respective national conditions. Compared with developed countries, resource sharing practices in developing countries are not weak, such as Brazil. Countries such as India, even in poor and backward Africa, such as South Africa, also have a distinctive library alliance practice, and have accumulated a lot of experience in resource sharing. 2 The status of resource sharing in foreign libraries 2.1 The management model department starts from the overall situation and promotes from the coordination. As a result, some of them are dominated by the competent authorities or spontaneously established. There are mainly the following modes in the management system. 1 Council Mode Council is a more effective model and is widely adopted.
The management team is mainly composed of experts and alliance representatives. It is responsible for the macro-level work such as the strategic planning and strategic planning of the alliance. It has various specific tasks such as the coordination and evaluation of the research support projects, and the tasks and directions of the alliance are determined by the council. The management mode of the department responsible for managing the specific affairs of the alliance can not only grasp the overall situation from a macro level, but also ensure the effective implementation of the sharing of various tasks. The management of the board is managed by the board of directors, but its organizational structure will be According to the situation, appropriate adjustments have been made. Since 2009, the original management committee has been abolished, and a new data management committee has been set up. There are currently 8 committees under the board, each of which is responsible for specific tasks 1. The committee's duties and tasks are public university libraries. The length includes 2 private universities and independent two-year colleges on behalf of the review and approval of the Standing Committee of the policy implementation discussion and approval of funding matters involved in the strategic planning technical advisory committee computer network engineer and library system librarian review alliance strategic development direction Make suggestions and pay attention to the campus network to the alliance Technical Impact Chief Executives Joint Club The library system librarians designated by each member hall shall comprehensively maintain the policies and regulations related to the local system and cooperation network of each member hall, and regularly exchange information to participate in the training information resources cooperation management committee. The database or the contracted publisher, maintains the quality of the central bibliographic database to the database management and standards committee cataloging librarians, and develops metadata and related policies and regulations for all member libraries. The digital resource management committee has been engaged in digital work. Make the digital library more convenient in the construction and sharing process. The Inter-school Service Committee formulates the statewide resource sharing policy and regulations, coordinates the operation of the member library system and the member library system and the central system, and supervises the document delivery system user service committee readers. The service librarian provides feedback on the user interface for the development and maintenance of the alliance, evaluates the alliance system and proposes improvements, organizes and provides training related to the alliance system and the supplier system, and participates in the promotion of the cooperation network services. 0 soil is also governed by the council There are standing committees responsible for routine management and temporary working groups. The standing committees include the Executive Committee Finance and Audit Committee Management Committee Membership Committee and the Resource Negotiation Group. Each agency is responsible for ensuring that the Executive Committee is primarily responsible for ensuring The various policies of the Alliance have successfully implemented tasks such as supervising all aspects of human resources and communicating with the Council. In the case of the meaning of the working group, relevant working groups will be established. The working group that temporarily existed in 212 has a cost sharing advisory group open access group permanent access group journal management group and value influence trend and leadership group 1 management council. , consisting of the principal or his representative. The Council elects the President and Vice-Chairman of the Alliance from among its members and is also the Chairman and Chairman of the Management Council. The role of the Board of Directors is to appoint budgetary staff to administer budget control to accept new members. The establishment of the Alliance Assets Dissolution Agreement and the establishment of a settlement agreement for the establishment of a coalition asset management agreement. Or the convening of the secretary of the acting council, or the request of the chairman or at least 13 members to convene an ad hoc meeting. 32.1.2 Entrusted management mode The alliance that adopts this model is not separately established to manage the national e-library alliance is in the Ministry of National Culture and Education. Under the leadership, the Finnish National Library is responsible for the management of the entire alliance. Other members reflect their needs and suggestions through the museum. The alliance consists of 7 universities, 27 colleges and universities, 4, the joint procurement and sharing of digital resources of the research institutions and long-term preservation. Strengthening the acquisition and utilization of digital resources has become the grand strategy of 2012 and 2015. The Minnesota Information Resource Sharing Network 1 is a joint project between the Mingzhou Higher Education Office and the University of Minnesota. The Minnesota Higher Education Committee is the governing body of the University of Minnesota and the advisory committee of the Government. The Mingzhou Higher Education Committee is responsible for Formulate the major government policy appropriation and approval project, and authorize the University of Minnesota Library to be responsible for one member. It is responsible for drafting various reports to assist in formulating policies to coordinate the relationship between member institutions. 2.1.3 Loose management mode This model is applied in spontaneously formed alliances. It does not have a fixed link, IIIALjiJi, consists of 37 academic institutions, 14 research institutions, the Greek National Library of the Athens Academy of Sciences, the Greek Parliamentary Library, the National Agricultural Research Foundation, and the University of Cyprus. Responsible for the communication, coordination and operation of the alliance. 1 2.2 Sources of funding 2.2.1 Government financial allocation The public library is funded by government grants. Therefore, most of the public libraries are supported by the government, such as the Southern Ontario Library Service. 1.1601 report, the association More than 14 funds from the Union are supported by the Ontario government. The Ohio Ohio Public Library Information Network, I1IiNir 6 is also mainly from the government financial allocation. Brazil’s Federal District Book 6, in addition to obtaining funds from the annual fees paid by the member libraries, also through the Economic Commission to develop a plan to deduct some of the funds from the personal income tax to be purchased in the library, thereby saving books. Procurement funds13, foreign public universities are affiliated to various levels of government or teaching departments, and the finances will also give part of the budget as a coalition fund. For example, the Massachusetts Commonwealth Higher Education Institutions Library Alliance Massachusetts Commonwealth Consortium 12 Yang 1 belongs to the government entrusted management alliance, specifically for Founded by the Massachusetts Public University Library, its members only need to pay a small amount of government investment in the alliance to become the league's most important task for alliances with diverse types of members, such as existing public research institutions, and often get government finances. stand by. For example, there are members from public libraries of public and private colleges and universities and research institutes in public libraries. The state government allocates tens of thousands of dollars each year to the alliance, accounting for the total funds of the union. 6,2.2.2 Foundations for certain library alliances. The Foundation’s grants are the main source of funding for the Union. For example, the Higher Education Foundation of England aims to provide financial assistance to the British teachings, so that the funds of the Foundation can maximize the benefits of college students and even the wider population. As an example, the Foundation is the joint information system committee jointIirformationSystemsCommittee, JISC amount exceeds. 6.8 billion pounds, accounting for about 66% of the total funds of the league. However, more library associations receive very limited funding from the foundation, and it is not sustainable, such as the Free State Library and Information Alliance of South Africa 656,36310010,1 At the time of its establishment, it was sponsored by the American Mellon Foundation. Three people received donations from the Mellon Foundation twice in 1999 and 2000. The Cape Library Alliance, 3 Yang, 1 Blood Man 000 was not only donated by the Education Trust Fund and the Ford Foundation at the time of its establishment, but was later funded by the American Mellon Foundation. 1.2.3 Alliance Fees and Annual Fees The annual fee is the regular fee paid by all member libraries. It is the source of continuous funding for the alliance. For some alliances, this may be only a small part of the total funding, while others are the main sources of funding such as New Zealand's electronic resources. The joint procurement organization, including the electronic resource procurement fee and the alliance management fee, is completely shared by all members. According to the size of the members, it is divided into three levels. The fees shared by each level are different. Under the premise of fairness, each member is made Both have the ability to pay for M. In Germany, the library alliance funds are mainly shared by the various member companies of the alliance. Whether it is the group purchase of the digital resources or the use of the services provided by the library alliance, the library must be determined according to the corresponding contract or regulations. .4 The funding of colleges and universities to support college libraries mainly comes from the funds allocated by the schools, and in terms of alliance funds, the schools will also provide the schedule. , 01 Gordon and the surrounding area of ​​the library, the ear of the 23 Southeastern Library System Alliance, the Ministry is affiliated with their respective higher education alliance. Therefore, the funding of the higher education alliances for the library alliance is the main source of income, 2.2.5 other sources of income from foreign libraries, especially in Europe and the United States, and partly from operating income, such as dividends and interest income, long-term bond investment income. Fixed assets income, etc., but considering its public welfare, the taxation aspect is preferential or even tax-free service items. It is crucial that the income of 6957.6 in 201020 is 0, the main source of funds 6 and the French Library League has different funds from other countries, namely loans. France strongly supports the library loan and has strict regulations on the loan rights of the library. For example, the Nanluz Public Library Network publishes the relevant provisions of the library alliance loan on the website. The library loan director association history is responsible for the library alliance. Coordination of the loan directors department The library association can operate well and is subject to various factors. The funding is an important prerequisite. Once the funds are asked, the services will be greatly affected. From the situation of the foreign library alliance, The source of funding is not limited, it is raised through multiple channels. In general, the government's financial support for college funding and alliances and annual fees are relatively stable, which is the main way for most of the alliance to obtain funds. Other sources of funding are either unstable or low-cost, as an aid to the source of alliance funding, 2.3 sharing content service cooperation, and constantly exploring new areas of cooperation.
2.3.1 Paper Literature Before the emergence of the Library Alliance, the paper document sharing activity has already begun. As an important part of the library resource sharing, it still has an important position in the future. It can be said that the sharing of paper literature resources throughout the history of library resource sharing. Generally speaking, in the library associations, ordinary books are shared, but a few precious books, especially rare ones, often do not provide loans. For the current edition of the year, it is often limited to the library, and most of the previous editions are shared. It is regarded as the earliest network of university library alliance corner research libraries. 1 cut 7 called paper literature is an important area of ​​cooperation for sharing, including academic materials, periodicals, newspapers, government documents, etc. At the same time, they also have different divisions in the field of collection, each responsible for relevant literature in one or several research fields, such as The Duke University Library focuses on the relevant research literature of the Commonwealth Africa, East Asia, Latin America and the Middle East, among which the Commonwealth is the most extensive literature. 33. Through a clear division of labor, the entire alliance is optimized to the maximum extent in the collection of documents, and each Member museums have also formed a unique collection system. 2.3.2 Electronic resources Electronic resources are another important aspect of resource sharing. Electronic resources mainly include database self-built databases purchased from resource vendors and alliances to build databases. Alliance members can access shared resources at any time through the network, providing access to electronic resources has become the main function of most of the library alliances. Newly established members of the library alliances in more than 60 developing countries across Latin America and Europe. The organization mainly provides its members with joint procurement of electronic resources, which benefits members. With the rising price of electronic resources and the constraints of the funding of various libraries, the sharing of electronic resources has become increasingly important. 2.3.3 Bibliographic Resources Bibliographic Information It is the basic way to find collections. The establishment of a joint catalog provides a solid foundation for the sharing of collection resources. Nordic, Finland, Denmark, Sweden and Norway have their own national federation catalogues and are free to use. With the support of the Nordic Science Information Committee, the Nordic countries have worked together to integrate the existing collections in Northern Europe into a joint directory database in the Nordic region in 1999. It took 4 years to complete the Scandinavian Virtualization in 2003. Union Catalogue, 13; 1., 13 Heart 1 database, all libraries in the Nordic region can use the database free of charge 1 to promote the sharing of information resources in the Nordic region. The European Library Project is called the member museum from the European Union and the European Free Trade Association. The National Library and a large number of research institutes can organize more than 200 million collections of all member libraries. High-quality metadata information will be re-used for registered users at the end of 2012. 1. This program lays a solid foundation for information resource sharing in Europe and plays a good role in deeper sharing of information resources. 2.3.4 Human Resources Sharing of experience and expertise, as well as human resources such as expert think tanks, the sharing of these resources can promote alliance cooperation, such as the Colorado Library Alliance has a continuing teaching calendar, you can find 3, the schedule of training exchange; Tampa Bay Librarians in the Library League state provide online innovative training. In 2010, a total of 3 or more librarians participated in the training exchanges, providing 409 hours of continuous teaching. 33 In addition to the above, the shared content also includes Microfilm film audiovisual tapes, etc. With the continuous advancement of technology, microfilm film audio-visual tapes have been replaced by new things, such as in the form of digitalization, with less and less, gradually withdrawing from people's study and research work.
2.4 Shared Forms 2.4.1 Interlibrary Loan and Document Delivery For the sharing of paper documents, users can go directly to the library for borrowing. This is the most direct way, but this method is not convenient or convenient in many cases. It is through the interlibrary loan or the 3, the library alliance recently launched a cut!
While electronic resources are easy to share, they are also prone to accidental damage. Therefore, in order to make resources available for permanent use, electronic resource conservation is particularly important. Because of the large amount of investment in technical equipment and human resources, it is necessary to achieve long-term preservation through cooperation. . In addition to the 14 countries of the United Kingdom, Australia and Australia, a library of libraries has been involved in the heart of the (3) number of preservation projects in addition to the library, the publishing company is also actively involved in the cooperation has now achieved long-term preservation of resources including 9,946 kinds of electronic period 126, More than 300 million e-books and more than 200 million documents and 2.4.3 kinds of forms of communication for work experience skills and other hidden resources, training and issuance of booklet survey reports, e-mail exchanges and even continuing education Communicate and communicate, let the collective wisdom flow in the alliance and the system application management committee of the surrounding area library association St is responsible for solving various technical questions appearing in the member hall, the library system upgrade collaboration and daily maintenance, etc. In addition, the user should, the member libraries, through the seminars and training courses to share work experience in various formal and informal exchanges, the knowledge and skills of employees and their service level and quality are improved. The largest regional library alliance, where the 5151 Tianqin Star, the brightest planet of the Milky Way; refers to The content includes how to make the library forward-looking, propose and use new technologies and thinking to cope with the changing environment, cultivate leadership thinking and group communication, digital resource-related training, assist member museums to control costs, improve internal business construction, and provide each other. Inter-experience sharing and business communication opportunities 61. While calling the 3 Alliance, it will also provide librarians with the opportunity to continue teaching, such as arranging small seminars every day, sharing interesting experiences in technical or work practice.
2.4.4 Joint Reference Users When using the library resources, they often encounter various questions. At this time, they can get satisfactory answers through the reference service of the library. The reference service is divided into static service and interactive service. The static service is the library that asks the user to consult the user more frequently. However, the content of this consultation is often simple and cannot satisfy the deep consultation of the user. For reference consulting services, the reference librarian analyzes the questions raised by the users and then provides the answers to the users. The reference librarians have their own reference service areas, and their division of labor is clear and efficient. Therefore, the reference librarian provides The service is very valuable. However, the cost of these services is relatively high, especially when the number of users is small, the alliance can solve this problem, and the alliance provides this service for all member libraries, which can be used by experts and national library associations. All members can use the reference service of all member libraries. However, users are still advised to choose their member library. If the member's member library cannot provide relevant reference, the user can seek help from other libraries in the alliance. , but you must consult by phone, and sometimes even need to make an appointment in advance.
2.5 Performance Evaluation of Resource Sharing Compared to the performance evaluation of individual libraries, the performance evaluation of the Library Alliance is slow to develop. After decades of practice, various evaluation models have been adopted. The evaluation method of 1.1.+ is user-centered and investigates the quality of service. Through the webpage, the user conducts a web survey of the library service to understand the user's evaluation of the library information.
Using the child's stomach + to evaluate the service quality of the library alliance level, the biggest advantage is that it can be evaluated continuously, so that it is compared with the results of the previous year. 4 The International Library Federation has developed. Online index abstracts and full-text resource usage statistical measure guides provide a set of guidelines for the use of networked information resources for the library of the Library Alliance. The United Kingdom Joint Information Systems Committee invested in several projects. The project focuses on research through user behavior. Survey to assess the quality of electronic information services, a few. User survey research mainly through online questionnaires, direct surveys of users, telephone surveys, e-mail surveys, and specific user surveys, etc. Several ways of the Australian University Library Alliance... 3513. Machi, 81. Since 1996, the number of serving readers per year has been collected. Resource Services Site Expenses Employee Status and other six aspects 36 indicators for the evaluation of its 12 member libraries.
2.6 Legal Protection of Resource Sharing In the United States, there are both the library law at the national level and the library law applicable in the state. The most representative is the library law of California. The current law of the library is implemented in January 2012. The latest revision, the content is very detailed, the body of the text is 247 pages. The bill has detailed provisions on financial aid for interlibrary loan interlibrary reference electronic resource access continuing education, etc. The second and third clauses require the California Library. The committee encourages the promotion and support of the cooperation of the library resources, and at the same time, through specific provisions to ensure that the provisions can effectively implement the development of the library in Japan, and its rule of law construction is also relatively perfect in promoting the sharing of library resources, the book library law also has detailed provisions as in the service The content regulations are closely related to the sub-library of the local government parliament of the National Library of the National Library and the affiliated library or the library of the school. The inter-library loan of the library materials encourages the horizontal cooperation of the library, and actively advocates vertical cooperation. To achieve the same water anywhere in a certain area The Library Service 4, Australia's New South Wales Library Law stipulates that two or more local departments undertake the function of providing control and management of several regional libraries and their information services. 63 It is the perfect legal mechanism to promote the cooperation of libraries. More effectively promote the healthy and stable development of the library alliance, 3 the characteristics of the resources sharing of foreign libraries. 3.1 The scale of the alliance has expanded. After many years of construction, many libraries have entered a period of steady development. With the smooth development of various cooperation within the alliance, the scale is also Constantly expanding, first of all, the number of member halls has increased. According to the data published by the American Library and Museum Service Association, 617 814., 5 shows that in many public libraries in the United States, the proportion of participating libraries is from 2007. 75.4 Up to the 76.79105 member pavilion in 2009 from the initial 12 to the present more than 160 and 1 force and 515 are the larger and largest regional library alliance formed in 2009 through the integration of two library alliances. Secondly, with the increase in the number of member halls, the types of some member libraries have also diversified, forming a public book. According to statistics, in the 50 US library associations of the University Library, there are as many as 43 cross-system library alliances. In recent years, there have been several alliances. 0,313, composed of more than a dozen library alliances, the main content of the cooperation is the sharing of electronic resources, and 101. Founded in 1996, it is a super league composed of nearly 200 library alliances all over the world. Development, the scale of the library alliance is also expanding. The infinitely growing information resources and the limited capital and manpower of a single library are contradictions that hinder the progressive development of the library, while the alliance can achieve the effect of 1+12, effectively alleviating this contradiction. At the same time, the power of the alliance has made more libraries see The advantages of cooperation have attracted more libraries to join in. In addition, in the countries and regions where the library law is perfected and developed, the law promotes the cooperation between the libraries, forming the state library committee and managers to promote and other state libraries. The collaboration between the City Library School and relevant institutions to enhance and develop the library services that benefit the state; the Wisconsin Library Law stipulates that the managers responsible for state public utilities have the responsibility of promoting the cooperation and resource sharing of various types of libraries to develop the library alliance; 3; The legal guarantee for cooperation between states and local libraries is the Pennsylvania Library Act. The important role of 3.2 resource sharing diversification The diversity of resource sharing in foreign library associations is reflected in two aspects. The aspect refers to the rich content and variety of resources sharing within a certain library alliance, including the collection of library collections. Resources system hardware and software, human resources and other aspects, through interlibrary loan and document delivery joint cataloguing joint procurement network portal and system support and experience exchange meetings, such as Australia, Northern Europe and other developed countries and Brazil, South Africa and other developing countries The shared content of many library associations reflects the diversity of features. This in-depth cooperation from information resources, human resources and management resources fully reflects the concept of resource sharing in the library alliance. The library alliance shares the purpose and requirements of content sharing, thus ensuring the diversified information needs of the library users. Because the purpose of the cooperation of the library alliance is different, the content of the sharing is also different. The cooperation based on electronic resources is based on the purpose of establishing a joint catalogue, and also based on the purpose of sharing paper documents. For example, the important content shared by New Zealand is joint procurement. Digital resources such as e-journal e-book database; 1.4% of the basic purpose is to provide full-text electronic journals for all academic and scientific institutions in Greece; Finnish National E-Bookshop 1st. 13. North 131. , Xinyi, the joint procurement includes electronic journal data, electronic supply to electronic resources. The European Library Project is a joint catalogue of the Alliance to obtain the collections of 48 national libraries and some research libraries, and the contents of these member libraries can also be used. It is only part of the resources and services, and other aspects have not yet been carried out. In the era of the digital era, the role of electronic resources in the research institutions and university libraries is becoming more and more important. Therefore, as a whole, electronic resources have become the majority. The important content shared by the library alliance, even in the individual alliance is only 3.3. The management of the scientific library of the library often has many member libraries. How to make a large organization run well in the cooperation project, scientific and effective management is essential. From the perspective of successful libraries in various countries, the standardized and flexible management committee management model is the basis of scientific management. First of all, in terms of standardization, the management committee is led by the executive director to lead the entire management work, responsible for reporting to the higher authorities, and reviewing all the policy plans and finances of the alliance; setting up several committees according to the actual situation, the committee accepts the leadership of the executive director and reports to them. The situation; each committee is divided into several project groups, each project team is engaged in specific work, and the relevant recommendations are proposed to the higher-level committee. The division of labor of each department is very clear, and the operation is carried out according to the established duties, so that the entire alliance can operate quickly and efficiently.
Secondly, in terms of flexibility, the management of the alliance adjusts the organizational structure according to the actual situation to adapt to the new environment and manage the alliance more effectively. For example, in 010, the original management committee was cancelled in 2009, and a new database management committee was set up to make the departmental level change more frequent. Some working groups were established from a project and will be revoked after the project is completed. . For example, in the 25 Alliance Crisis Management Working Group on Disability and Special Needs Support Services, the flexibility is also reflected in the strategic development of the alliance. The alliance will formulate a 35-year strategy based on its own development needs and the current actual situation. Planning to make timely adjustments when the plan expires or has not expired but is unable to guide the current work, in order to make the right guidance for the development of the alliance. If the strategic planning in the initial stage of cooperation is mainly to promote the obsolescence of paper, so in 2000, its strategic focus shifted to the cooperation and sharing of digital resources; then, in 2, 5 years, six new development goals were established. Electronic journal center; increase online academic database; strengthen the contents and functions of the library catalog; establish electronic maintenance of digital resources sharing space 63.
4 Foreign Library Resource Sharing Practices for China's Enlightenment 4.1 Strengthening the Legal Protection of Library Resources Sharing In countries or regions where the Library Law is mature, especially in the United States, it will promote the sharing of library resources into the bill, and provide legal protection as a national level. The most important book library service and technology bill 3 is 3 3, yeah, 18 people, stipulates that encouraging libraries to establish alliances and sharing resources is the purpose of the library law, and will encourage different regions of the library or different types. The establishment of alliances and shared resources in the library as a specific and powerful legal support for the state government to apply for special funds, its content and even detailed details of the cooperation content and service items of the alliance funds allocation alliance, is the existence of these operationally strong laws, It provides an important institutional guarantee for the development of the library alliance.
At present, there is still no official library law in China. There are only some regulations or management methods, but the content is too general and the operability is poor. It is often just a form of call-to-action document. More importantly, it does not have legal effect. Its role It is very small, and in the information resource sharing activities, subjective factors are more interfered by humans, and there are external objective factors to constrain and supervise; through the form of law to regulate the cooperation content and form of the management system funding of the library alliance, etc. The interference of subjective factors is reduced to the lowest, providing legal protection for the healthy and sustainable development of information resources sharing. 4.2 Broadening the funding channels of the alliance. If the library alliance is compared to a ship, the funding is equivalent to the power of the giant ship. In practice, this giant wheel often uses hybrid power.
Studies have shown that although the library alliances provide financial guarantees for the operation of the alliance through various channels, lack of funds is still a major obstacle to the normal operation of the alliance's activities. Government financial allocations reduce resource equipment purchase costs year by year, consumer price index rises, human resource costs increase readers' increasingly demanding software and hardware environments, such as the need for digital resources and advanced network equipment, have brought enormous economic pressure to the library alliance and become a library. The important question that the alliance is currently facing, therefore, it is an important task for the library alliance to get more financial support through multi-party lobbying through various channels.
In China, the funding sources of the library alliance are relatively simple, basically relying on the financial support of the government, and the member factories share the relevant expenses. This single source of funds often restricts the cooperation and service effect of the alliance, even if the state attaches the most importance. The project's China and other teaching literature support system 13AcademicLibrary InformationSystem, CALIS, S funding shortage still restricts the development of the alliance, due to insufficient research and development funding, resulting in the function and performance of the application system, the ability to timely and automatically update the data is safely stored. Insufficient ability 6 Although the service of China Library Association is more public welfare, it cannot be sustained by commercial operation mode, but it can introduce market mechanism to a certain extent, and encourage social enterprises such as foundation companies to actively support the development of library alliance. As an auxiliary channel for alliance funds, it can alleviate the contradiction that the financial allocation alone can not meet the needs of the alliance. There are Carnegie libraries all over the United States, and there are many buildings or scholarships named by some people in our universities. The library alliance can also learn from these successful experiences and establish policies that encourage social forces to sponsor the library's alliance funds. Individuals or organizations that support the alliance's funds will be given naming rights or similar returns, and even rise to the legal level to enjoy certain tax benefits. Through the government's financial support, and other diversified funding channels supplemented by various sources of funding, it provides a stronger driving force for the library alliance. The company attaches great importance to the alliance strategy planning foreign library alliance, and attaches great importance to the strategic planning of the alliance. Some alliances also set up a special strategic planning committee to make strategic planning a guide for the reform and development of the library association. Through the implementation of continuous strategic planning, the development direction is continuously clarified, and the healthy development of the library is promoted. The strategic planning of the alliance is mainly in the medium and long term. It is 1 year long and 5 years long, and it is revised regularly. It has clear strategic goals and forward-looking development ideas. At present, several aspects of the strategic planning of foreign library alliances are concentrated in the development of collections, using the latest technology to improve service quality. Establish a good cooperation environment for alliance members, strengthen communication and communication between alliance members, ensure alliance funds, etc., and develop corresponding development orientations for each plan and goal. The evaluation of planning implementation can not neglect the evaluation of alliance planning. Can test the applicability of the current plan, Improve the scientific nature of future alliance planning, and then continuously promote the effectiveness of the library alliance management. 4.4 Strengthen the performance evaluation of the library alliance. With the rapid development of the library alliance, the performance evaluation including the input and output service benefits has gradually become the focus of attention. The performance evaluation research and practice of the library alliance was carried out earlier. For example, the United States, the United Kingdom, the United Kingdom, Australia and other countries have already achieved a series of results. Some alliances set up specialized agencies to evaluate the performance of the alliance; some did not set up specialized agencies, but temporarily hired experts. The team evaluates a specific project; some alliances use special evaluation tools to evaluate the functions and services of the alliance. 4 Also, the alliance is evaluated by academic institutions or government departments. 6 Foreign mature alliance performance evaluation systems are often Formed after sufficient practice, it is a combination of theory and practice. It has strong practicability. For example, the 1 person 1+ evaluation system has a very wide range of applications, including 12 different languages ​​including English, French, German, and Chinese. 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收稿日期2012
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